Docker – PostgreSQL

2023-12-03 / tau / コメントする

イメージ取得とコンテナ作成

PostgreSQLのイメージを取得。

>docker pull postgres
Using default tag: latest
latest: Pulling from library/postgres
1f7ce2fa46ab: Pull complete
f2a11de1a8b0: Pull complete
5e6f9a8cd0bf: Pull complete
7419e1190e2e: Pull complete
8f39b869c008: Pull complete
b194e21d762e: Pull complete
ea4833c75f4e: Pull complete
587dfa1ea7d7: Pull complete
5358f267a946: Pull complete
68825fc4f7a3: Pull complete
761743441961: Pull complete
c34ae0fdc6ad: Pull complete
a3e3aea10a5c: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:6dfee32131933ab4ca25a00360c3f427fdc134de56f9a90c6c9a4956b48aea85
Status: Downloaded newer image for postgres:latest
docker.io/library/postgres:latest

What's Next?
  View summary of image vulnerabilities and recommendations → docker scout quickview postgres

>docker pull postgres

Using default tag: latest

latest: Pulling from library/postgres

1f7ce2fa46ab: Pull complete

f2a11de1a8b0: Pull complete

5e6f9a8cd0bf: Pull complete

7419e1190e2e: Pull complete

8f39b869c008: Pull complete

b194e21d762e: Pull complete

ea4833c75f4e: Pull complete

587dfa1ea7d7: Pull complete

5358f267a946: Pull complete

68825fc4f7a3: Pull complete

761743441961: Pull complete

c34ae0fdc6ad: Pull complete

a3e3aea10a5c: Pull complete

Digest: sha256:6dfee32131933ab4ca25a00360c3f427fdc134de56f9a90c6c9a4956b48aea85

Status: Downloaded newer image for postgres:latest

docker.io/library/postgres:latest

What's Next?

View summary of image vulnerabilities and recommendations → docker scout quickview postgres

イメージの確認。

>docker images
REPOSITORY                 TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED        SIZE
web                        latest    20e6fc2e9e4c   3 hours ago    287MB
postgres                   latest    a20f35f462a4   3 days ago     425MB

>docker images

REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE

web latest 20e6fc2e9e4c 3 hours ago 287MB

postgres latest a20f35f462a4 3 days ago 425MB

コンテナ作成と実行。ここで、ホスト側で既にPostgreSQLが動いているので、ホスト側のポートを5431に設定している。

>docker run -itd --name postgres -e POSTGRES_PASSWORD=postgres -p 5431:5432 postgres
68f874da73780157d3568c08ec2baf5faded1ea393ee314ba056b21e2e6e9e82

1 2	>docker run -itd --name postgres -e POSTGRES_PASSWORD=postgres -p 5431:5432 postgres 68f874da73780157d3568c08ec2baf5faded1ea393ee314ba056b21e2e6e9e82

動作確認

ターミナルに入る。

>docker exec -it postgres /bin/bash
root@68f874da7378:/# ls

1 2	>docker exec -it postgres /bin/bash root@68f874da7378:/# ls

PostgreSQLのターミナルに入る。

>docker exec -it postgres /bin/bash
root@f6c41b769e43:/# psql -U postgres -d postgres
psql (16.1 (Debian 16.1-1.pgdg120+1))
Type "help" for help.

>docker exec -it postgres /bin/bash

root@f6c41b769e43:/# psql -U postgres -d postgres

psql (16.1 (Debian 16.1-1.pgdg120+1))

Type "help" for help.

データベースの確認。

postgres=# \l
                                                      List of databases
   Name    |  Owner   | Encoding | Locale Provider |  Collate   |   Ctype    | ICU Locale | ICU Rules |   Access privileges
-----------+----------+----------+-----------------+------------+------------+------------+-----------+-----------------------
 postgres  | postgres | UTF8     | libc            | en_US.utf8 | en_US.utf8 |            |           |
 template0 | postgres | UTF8     | libc            | en_US.utf8 | en_US.utf8 |            |           | =c/postgres          +
           |          |          |                 |            |            |            |           | postgres=CTc/postgres
 template1 | postgres | UTF8     | libc            | en_US.utf8 | en_US.utf8 |            |           | =c/postgres          +
           |          |          |                 |            |            |            |           | postgres=CTc/postgres
(3 rows)

postgres=# \l

List of databases

-----------+----------+----------+-----------------+------------+------------+------------+-----------+-----------------------

(3 rows)

テーブル作成。

postgres=# CREATE TABLE employees (
postgres(#   id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
postgres(#   name VARCHAR(20),
postgres(#   age INT
postgres(# );
CREATE TABLE
p

postgres=# CREATE TABLE employees (

postgres(# id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY,

postgres(# name VARCHAR(20),

postgres(# age INT

postgres(# );

CREATE TABLE

作成されたテーブルを確認。

postgres=# \d
                List of relations
 Schema |       Name       |   Type   |  Owner
--------+------------------+----------+----------
 public | employees        | table    | postgres
 public | employees_id_seq | sequence | postgres
(2 rows)

postgres=# \d employees
                                   Table "public.employees"
 Column |         Type          | Collation | Nullable |                Default
--------+-----------------------+-----------+----------+---------------------------------------
 id     | integer               |           | not null | nextval('employees_id_seq'::regclass)
 name   | character varying(20) |           |          |
 age    | integer               |           |          |
Indexes:
    "employees_pkey" PRIMARY KEY, btree (id)

postgres=# \d

List of relations

Schema | Name | Type | Owner

--------+------------------+----------+----------

public | employees | table | postgres

public | employees_id_seq | sequence | postgres

(2 rows)

postgres=# \d employees

Table "public.employees"

Column | Type | Collation | Nullable | Default

--------+-----------------------+-----------+----------+---------------------------------------

id | integer | | not null | nextval('employees_id_seq'::regclass)

name | character varying(20) | | |

age | integer | | |

Indexes:

"employees_pkey" PRIMARY KEY, btree (id)

レコード操作確認。

postgres=# INSERT INTO employees (name, age) VALUES ('Eric', 28);
INSERT 0 1
postgres=# INSERT INTO employees (name, age) VALUES ('Bob', 32);
INSERT 0 1
postgres=# INSERT INTO employees (name, age) VALUES ('Tim', 45);
INSERT 0 1
postgres=# SELECT * FROM employees;
 id | name | age
----+------+-----
  1 | Eric |  28
  2 | Bob  |  32
  3 | Tim  |  45
(3 rows)

postgres=# INSERT INTO employees (name, age) VALUES ('Eric', 28);

INSERT 0 1

postgres=# INSERT INTO employees (name, age) VALUES ('Bob', 32);

INSERT 0 1

postgres=# INSERT INTO employees (name, age) VALUES ('Tim', 45);

INSERT 0 1

postgres=# SELECT * FROM employees;

id | name | age

----+------+-----

1 | Eric | 28

2 | Bob | 32

3 | Tim | 45

(3 rows)

なお、今のマシンにはWindows版のPostgreSQLもインストールしているので、直接コンソールからpsqlも使える。ただしバージョンがコンテナ上のサーバーとWindows上のpsqlで異なるので警告が出る。

>psql -h localhost -p 5431 -U postgres -d postgres
ユーザ postgres のパスワード:
psql (12.15、サーバ 16.1 (Debian 16.1-1.pgdg120+1))
警告： psql のメジャーバージョンは 12 ですが、サーバのメジャーバージョンは 16 です。
         psql の機能の中で、動作しないものがあるかもしれません。
"help"でヘルプを表示します。

postgres=# \l
                                                      List of databases
   Name    |  Owner   | Encoding | Locale Provider |  Collate   |   Ctype    | ICU Locale | ICU Rules |   Access privileges
-----------+----------+----------+-----------------+------------+------------+------------+-----------+-----------------------
 postgres  | postgres | UTF8     | libc            | en_US.utf8 | en_US.utf8 |            |           |
 template0 | postgres | UTF8     | libc            | en_US.utf8 | en_US.utf8 |            |           | =c/postgres          +
           |          |          |                 |            |            |            |           | postgres=CTc/postgres
 template1 | postgres | UTF8     | libc            | en_US.utf8 | en_US.utf8 |            |           | =c/postgres          +
           |          |          |                 |            |            |            |           | postgres=CTc/postgres
(3 rows)

postgres=# \d
                List of relations
 Schema |       Name       |   Type   |  Owner
--------+------------------+----------+----------
 public | employees        | table    | postgres
 public | employees_id_seq | sequence | postgres
(2 rows)

postgres=# SELECT * FROM employees;
 id | name | age
----+------+-----
  1 | Eric |  28
  2 | Bob  |  36
  3 | Tim  |  45
(3 rows)

>psql -h localhost -p 5431 -U postgres -d postgres

ユーザ postgres のパスワード:

psql (12.15、サーバ 16.1 (Debian 16.1-1.pgdg120+1))

警告： psql のメジャーバージョンは 12 ですが、サーバのメジャーバージョンは 16 です。

psql の機能の中で、動作しないものがあるかもしれません。

"help"でヘルプを表示します。

postgres=# \l

List of databases

-----------+----------+----------+-----------------+------------+------------+------------+-----------+-----------------------

(3 rows)

postgres=# \d

List of relations

Schema | Name | Type | Owner

--------+------------------+----------+----------

public | employees | table | postgres

public | employees_id_seq | sequence | postgres

(2 rows)

postgres=# SELECT * FROM employees;

id | name | age

----+------+-----

1 | Eric | 28

2 | Bob | 36

3 | Tim | 45

(3 rows)

タイムゾーン

タイムゾーンを確認するとUTCになっている。

postgres=# show timezone;
 TimeZone
----------
 Etc/UTC
(1 row)

postgres=# show timezone;

TimeZone

----------

Etc/UTC

(1 row)

Docker Composeでタイムゾーンを設定するには、以下の様に環境変数をセットする。

environment:
  TZ: "Asia/Tokyo"

1 2	environment: TZ: "Asia/Tokyo"

Docker – PHP/Apache

2023-12-03 / tau / コメントする

手動でインストール

DockerのUbuntu＋Apache環境にPHPをインストールする。

u>docker exec -it ubuntu /bin/bash
root@cecbc6e96c66:/# apt install -y php
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
The following additional packages will be installed:
  libapache2-mod-php8.1 libargon2-1 libbsd0 libedit2 libmd0 libsodium23 php-common php8.1 php8.1-cli php8.1-common php8.1-opcache php8.1-readline psmisc tzdata ucf
Suggested packages:
  php-pear
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  libapache2-mod-php8.1 libargon2-1 libbsd0 libedit2 libmd0 libsodium23 php php-common php8.1 php8.1-cli php8.1-common php8.1-opcache php8.1-readline psmisc tzdata
  ucf
・・・・・

u>docker exec -it ubuntu /bin/bash

root@cecbc6e96c66:/# apt install -y php

Reading package lists... Done

Building dependency tree... Done

Reading state information... Done

The following additional packages will be installed:

libapache2-mod-php8.1 libargon2-1 libbsd0 libedit2 libmd0 libsodium23 php-common php8.1 php8.1-cli php8.1-common php8.1-opcache php8.1-readline psmisc tzdata ucf

Suggested packages:

php-pear

The following NEW packages will be installed:

libapache2-mod-php8.1 libargon2-1 libbsd0 libedit2 libmd0 libsodium23 php php-common php8.1 php8.1-cli php8.1-common php8.1-opcache php8.1-readline psmisc tzdata

ucf

・・・・・

インストール中、タイムゾーンの選択を求められる。

Please select the geographic area in which you live. Subsequent configuration questions will narrow this down by presenting a list of cities, representing the time
zones in which they are located.

  1. Africa  2. America  3. Antarctica  4. Australia  5. Arctic  6. Asia  7. Atlantic  8. Europe  9. Indian  10. Pacific  11. US  12. Etc
Geographic area: 6

Please select the city or region corresponding to your time zone.

  1. Aden      11. Baku        21. Damascus     31. Hong_Kong  41. Kashgar       51. Makassar      61. Pyongyang  71. Singapore      81. Ujung_Pandang
  2. Almaty    12. Bangkok     22. Dhaka        32. Hovd       42. Kathmandu     52. Manila        62. Qatar      72. Srednekolymsk  82. Ulaanbaatar
  3. Amman     13. Barnaul     23. Dili         33. Irkutsk    43. Khandyga      53. Muscat        63. Qostanay   73. Taipei         83. Urumqi
  4. Anadyr    14. Beirut      24. Dubai        34. Istanbul   44. Kolkata       54. Nicosia       64. Qyzylorda  74. Tashkent       84. Ust-Nera
  5. Aqtau     15. Bishkek     25. Dushanbe     35. Jakarta    45. Krasnoyarsk   55. Novokuznetsk  65. Rangoon    75. Tbilisi        85. Vientiane
  6. Aqtobe    16. Brunei      26. Famagusta    36. Jayapura   46. Kuala_Lumpur  56. Novosibirsk   66. Riyadh     76. Tehran         86. Vladivostok
  7. Ashgabat  17. Chita       27. Gaza         37. Jerusalem  47. Kuching       57. Omsk          67. Sakhalin   77. Tel_Aviv       87. Yakutsk
  8. Atyrau    18. Choibalsan  28. Harbin       38. Kabul      48. Kuwait        58. Oral          68. Samarkand  78. Thimphu        88. Yangon
  9. Baghdad   19. Chongqing   29. Hebron       39. Kamchatka  49. Macau         59. Phnom_Penh    69. Seoul      79. Tokyo          89. Yekaterinburg
  10. Bahrain  20. Colombo     30. Ho_Chi_Minh  40. Karachi    50. Magadan       60. Pontianak     70. Shanghai   80. Tomsk          90. Yerevan
Time zone: 79


Current default time zone: 'Asia/Tokyo'
Local time is now:      Wed Nov 15 16:36:18 JST 2023.
Universal Time is now:  Wed Nov 15 07:36:18 UTC 2023.
Run 'dpkg-reconfigure tzdata' if you wish to change it.
・・・・・
Setting up php8.1 (8.1.2-1ubuntu2.14) ...
Setting up php (2:8.1+92ubuntu1) ...
Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.35-0ubuntu3.4) ...
Processing triggers for php8.1-cli (8.1.2-1ubuntu2.14) ...
Processing triggers for libapache2-mod-php8.1 (8.1.2-1ubuntu2.14) ...
root@cecbc6e96c66:/#

Please select the geographic area in which you live. Subsequent configuration questions will narrow this down by presenting a list of cities, representing the time

zones in which they are located.

1. Africa 2. America 3. Antarctica 4. Australia 5. Arctic 6. Asia 7. Atlantic 8. Europe 9. Indian 10. Pacific 11. US 12. Etc

Geographic area: 6

Please select the city or region corresponding to your time zone.

1. Aden 11. Baku 21. Damascus 31. Hong_Kong 41. Kashgar 51. Makassar 61. Pyongyang 71. Singapore 81. Ujung_Pandang

2. Almaty 12. Bangkok 22. Dhaka 32. Hovd 42. Kathmandu 52. Manila 62. Qatar 72. Srednekolymsk 82. Ulaanbaatar

3. Amman 13. Barnaul 23. Dili 33. Irkutsk 43. Khandyga 53. Muscat 63. Qostanay 73. Taipei 83. Urumqi

4. Anadyr 14. Beirut 24. Dubai 34. Istanbul 44. Kolkata 54. Nicosia 64. Qyzylorda 74. Tashkent 84. Ust-Nera

5. Aqtau 15. Bishkek 25. Dushanbe 35. Jakarta 45. Krasnoyarsk 55. Novokuznetsk 65. Rangoon 75. Tbilisi 85. Vientiane

6. Aqtobe 16. Brunei 26. Famagusta 36. Jayapura 46. Kuala_Lumpur 56. Novosibirsk 66. Riyadh 76. Tehran 86. Vladivostok

7. Ashgabat 17. Chita 27. Gaza 37. Jerusalem 47. Kuching 57. Omsk 67. Sakhalin 77. Tel_Aviv 87. Yakutsk

8. Atyrau 18. Choibalsan 28. Harbin 38. Kabul 48. Kuwait 58. Oral 68. Samarkand 78. Thimphu 88. Yangon

9. Baghdad 19. Chongqing 29. Hebron 39. Kamchatka 49. Macau 59. Phnom_Penh 69. Seoul 79. Tokyo 89. Yekaterinburg

10. Bahrain 20. Colombo 30. Ho_Chi_Minh 40. Karachi 50. Magadan 60. Pontianak 70. Shanghai 80. Tomsk 90. Yerevan

Time zone: 79

Current default time zone: 'Asia/Tokyo'

Local time is now: Wed Nov 15 16:36:18 JST 2023.

Universal Time is now: Wed Nov 15 07:36:18 UTC 2023.

Run 'dpkg-reconfigure tzdata' if you wish to change it.

・・・・・

Setting up php8.1 (8.1.2-1ubuntu2.14) ...

Setting up php (2:8.1+92ubuntu1) ...

Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.35-0ubuntu3.4) ...

Processing triggers for php8.1-cli (8.1.2-1ubuntu2.14) ...

Processing triggers for libapache2-mod-php8.1 (8.1.2-1ubuntu2.14) ...

root@cecbc6e96c66:/#

インストール完了後、apache2をリスタート。

root@cecbc6e96c66:/# systemctl restart apache2

1	root@cecbc6e96c66:/# systemctl restart apache2

このあと/var/www/htmlに以下のような内容でphpinfo.phpファイルを作成。

<?php
    phpinfo();
?>

<?php

phpinfo();

ブラウザーからlocalhost:8080/phpinfo.phpにアクセスして以下のような内容を確認。

タイムゾーンはOSでAsia/Tokyoにしたが、PHPではUTCになっている
php.iniの場所が確認できる（/etc/php/8.1/apache2/php.ini）

DockerfileとComposeでインストール

手動でのインストールと同じ手順をDockerfileとComposeで管理する。

Dockerfileの内容は以下の通り。

aptでsystemctl, apache2, phpをインストール
apt-getでtzdataをインストール
/etc/timezoneに”Asia/Tokyo”を書き込む
dpkg-reconfigureでtzdataを再設定（noninteractiveで）

FROM ubuntu:latest

ENV DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive
ENV TZ Asia/Tokyo

RUN \
  apt update && \
  apt install -y systemctl && \
  apt install -y apache2 && \
  apt install -y php

RUN \
  apt-get update && \
  apt-get install -y tzdata

RUN \
  echo "${TZ}" > /etc/timezone && \
  dpkg-reconfigure -f noninteractive tzdata

CMD ["systemctl", "start", "apache2"]

FROM ubuntu:latest

ENV DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive

ENV TZ Asia/Tokyo

RUN \

apt update && \

apt install -y systemctl && \

apt install -y apache2 && \

apt install -y php

RUN \

apt-get update && \

apt-get install -y tzdata

RUN \

echo "${TZ}" > /etc/timezone && \

dpkg-reconfigure -f noninteractive tzdata

CMD ["systemctl", "start", "apache2"]

上記のDockerfileの内容でコンテナをビルド。

>docker build ./ -t ubuntu
[+] Building 258.2s (10/10) FINISHED                                                                                                                  docker:default
 => [internal] load .dockerignore                                                                                                                               0.0s
 => => transferring context: 2B                                                                                                                                 0.0s
 => [internal] load build definition from Dockerfile
・・・・・

>docker compose up -d
[+] Running 1/1
 ✔ Container ubuntu  Started

>docker build ./ -t ubuntu

[+] Building 258.2s (10/10) FINISHED docker:default

=> [internal] load .dockerignore 0.0s

=> => transferring context: 2B 0.0s

=> [internal] load build definition from Dockerfile

・・・・・

>docker compose up -d

[+] Running 1/1

✔ Container ubuntu Started

phpinfoのdateの項目中default timezoneがAsia/Tokyoになっているのが確認できる。

以下の内容でphp.iniをDokerfileと同じ場所に置き、DockerfileにADD ./php.ini /etc/php/8.1/apache2/php.iniを書くという方法も紹介されていたが、それがなくてもPHPのタイムゾーンは変更されていた。

ただしmbstringの方は今後設定が必要かもしれない。

[Date]
date.timezone = "Asia/Tokyo"
[mbstring]
mbstring.internal_encoding = "UTF-8"
mbstring.language = "Japanese"

[Date]

date.timezone = "Asia/Tokyo"

[mbstring]

mbstring.internal_encoding = "UTF-8"

mbstring.language = "Japanese"

TauStation

月別: 2023年12月

Docker – PostgreSQL

イメージ取得とコンテナ作成

動作確認

タイムゾーン

Docker – PHP/Apache

手動でインストール

DockerfileとComposeでインストール