Vagrant – PHPインストール – FreeBSD

2021-06-20 / tau / コメントする

さくらのレンタルサーバーに合わせた仮想環境にPHPをインストール。bootstrap済みのpkgで簡単にインストールできた。

$ sudo pkg install php74
Updating FreeBSD repository catalogue...
FreeBSD repository is up to date.
All repositories are up to date.
The following 4 package(s) will be affected (of 0 checked):

New packages to be INSTALLED:
        libargon2: 20190702
        libxml2: 2.9.10_4
        pcre2: 10.37
        php74: 7.4.20

Number of packages to be installed: 4

The process will require 40 MiB more space.
6 MiB to be downloaded.

Proceed with this action? [y/N]: y
[1/4] Fetching php74-7.4.20.txz: 100%    4 MiB   2.1MB/s    00:02
[2/4] Fetching libxml2-2.9.10_4.txz: 100%  821 KiB 841.0kB/s    00:01
[3/4] Fetching libargon2-20190702.txz: 100%   63 KiB  64.7kB/s    00:01
[4/4] Fetching pcre2-10.37.txz: 100%    1 MiB   1.3MB/s    00:01
Checking integrity... done (0 conflicting)
[1/4] Installing libxml2-2.9.10_4...
[1/4] Extracting libxml2-2.9.10_4: 100%
[2/4] Installing libargon2-20190702...
[2/4] Extracting libargon2-20190702: 100%
[3/4] Installing pcre2-10.37...
[3/4] Extracting pcre2-10.37: 100%
[4/4] Installing php74-7.4.20...
[4/4] Extracting php74-7.4.20: 100%
$ php -v
PHP 7.4.20 (cli) (built: Jun  8 2021 01:11:43) ( NTS )
Copyright (c) The PHP Group
Zend Engine v3.4.0, Copyright (c) Zend Technologies

$ sudo pkg install php74

Updating FreeBSD repository catalogue...

FreeBSD repository is up to date.

All repositories are up to date.

The following 4 package(s) will be affected (of 0 checked):

New packages to be INSTALLED:

libargon2: 20190702

libxml2: 2.9.10_4

pcre2: 10.37

php74: 7.4.20

Number of packages to be installed: 4

The process will require 40 MiB more space.

6 MiB to be downloaded.

Proceed with this action? [y/N]: y

[1/4] Fetching php74-7.4.20.txz: 100% 4 MiB 2.1MB/s 00:02

[2/4] Fetching libxml2-2.9.10_4.txz: 100% 821 KiB 841.0kB/s 00:01

[3/4] Fetching libargon2-20190702.txz: 100% 63 KiB 64.7kB/s 00:01

[4/4] Fetching pcre2-10.37.txz: 100% 1 MiB 1.3MB/s 00:01

Checking integrity... done (0 conflicting)

[1/4] Installing libxml2-2.9.10_4...

[1/4] Extracting libxml2-2.9.10_4: 100%

[2/4] Installing libargon2-20190702...

[2/4] Extracting libargon2-20190702: 100%

[3/4] Installing pcre2-10.37...

[3/4] Extracting pcre2-10.37: 100%

[4/4] Installing php74-7.4.20...

[4/4] Extracting php74-7.4.20: 100%

$ php -v

PHP 7.4.20 (cli) (built: Jun 8 2021 01:11:43) ( NTS )

Zend Engine v3.4.0, Copyright (c) Zend Technologies

Vagrant – MySQLインストール – FreeBSD

2021-06-20 / tau / コメントする

pkgによるインストール

FreeBSDのバージョンが古いと言われたが、ミスマッチを無視することができるようなので無視して続行。

$ sudo pkg install mysql57-server
Updating FreeBSD repository catalogue...
Fetching meta.conf: 100%    163 B   0.2kB/s    00:01
Fetching packagesite.txz: 100%    6 MiB   1.5MB/s    00:04
Processing entries:   0%
Newer FreeBSD version for package libbigwig:
To ignore this error set IGNORE_OSVERSION=yes
- package: 1104001
- running kernel: 1102000
Ignore the mismatch and continue? [y/N]: y
Processing entries: 100%
FreeBSD repository update completed. 29008 packages processed.
All repositories are up to date.
Updating database digests format: 100%
The following 8 package(s) will be affected (of 0 checked):

New packages to be INSTALLED:
        cyrus-sasl: 2.1.27_1
        libedit: 3.1.20210216,1
        libevent: 2.1.12
        liblz4: 1.9.3,1
        mysql57-client: 5.7.34
        mysql57-server: 5.7.34
        perl5: 5.32.1_1
        protobuf: 3.14.0,1

Number of packages to be installed: 8

The process will require 286 MiB more space.
35 MiB to be downloaded.

Proceed with this action? [y/N]: y
[1/8] Fetching mysql57-server-5.7.34.txz: 100%   14 MiB   2.5MB/s    00:06
[2/8] Fetching perl5-5.32.1_1.txz: 100%   15 MiB   3.1MB/s    00:05
[3/8] Fetching protobuf-3.14.0,1.txz: 100%    3 MiB   2.9MB/s    00:01
[4/8] Fetching libevent-2.1.12.txz: 100%  320 KiB 327.7kB/s    00:01
[5/8] Fetching libedit-3.1.20210216,1.txz: 100%  138 KiB 141.0kB/s    00:01
[6/8] Fetching mysql57-client-5.7.34.txz: 100%    2 MiB   1.1MB/s    00:02
[7/8] Fetching cyrus-sasl-2.1.27_1.txz: 100%  964 KiB 986.7kB/s    00:01
[8/8] Fetching liblz4-1.9.3,1.txz: 100%  131 KiB 134.1kB/s    00:01
Checking integrity... done (0 conflicting)
[1/8] Installing perl5-5.32.1_1...
[1/8] Extracting perl5-5.32.1_1: 100%
[2/8] Installing protobuf-3.14.0,1...
[2/8] Extracting protobuf-3.14.0,1: 100%
[3/8] Installing libevent-2.1.12...
[3/8] Extracting libevent-2.1.12: 100%
[4/8] Installing libedit-3.1.20210216,1...
[4/8] Extracting libedit-3.1.20210216,1: 100%
[5/8] Installing cyrus-sasl-2.1.27_1...
*** Added group `cyrus' (id 60)
*** Added user `cyrus' (id 60)
[5/8] Extracting cyrus-sasl-2.1.27_1: 100%
[6/8] Installing liblz4-1.9.3,1...
[6/8] Extracting liblz4-1.9.3,1: 100%
[7/8] Installing mysql57-client-5.7.34...
[7/8] Extracting mysql57-client-5.7.34: 100%
[8/8] Installing mysql57-server-5.7.34...
===> Creating groups.
Creating group 'mysql' with gid '88'.
===> Creating users
Creating user 'mysql' with uid '88'.
===> Creating homedir(s)
[8/8] Extracting mysql57-server-5.7.34: 100%
=====
Message from cyrus-sasl-2.1.27_1:

--
You can use sasldb2 for authentication, to add users use:

        saslpasswd2 -c username

If you want to enable SMTP AUTH with the system Sendmail, read
Sendmail.README

NOTE: This port has been compiled with a default pwcheck_method of
      auxprop.  If you want to authenticate your user by /etc/passwd,
      PAM or LDAP, install ports/security/cyrus-sasl2-saslauthd and
      set sasl_pwcheck_method to saslauthd after installing the
      Cyrus-IMAPd 2.X port.  You should also check the
      /usr/local/lib/sasl2/*.conf files for the correct
      pwcheck_method.
      If you want to use GSSAPI mechanism, install
      ports/security/cyrus-sasl2-gssapi.
      If you want to use SRP mechanism, install
      ports/security/cyrus-sasl2-srp.
      If you want to use LDAP auxprop plugin, install
      ports/security/cyrus-sasl2-ldapdb.
=====
Message from mysql57-client-5.7.34:

--
This is the mysql CLIENT without the server.
for complete server and client, please install databases/mysql57-server
=====
Message from mysql57-server-5.7.34:

--
Initial password for first time use of MySQL is saved in $HOME/.mysql_secret
ie. when you want to use "mysql -u root -p" first you should see password
in /root/.mysql_secret

MySQL57 has a default /usr/local/etc/mysql/my.cnf,
remember to replace it wit your own
or set `mysql_optfile="$YOUR_CNF_FILE` in rc.conf.

100

101

102

103

104

105

$ sudo pkg install mysql57-server

Updating FreeBSD repository catalogue...

Fetching meta.conf: 100% 163 B 0.2kB/s 00:01

Fetching packagesite.txz: 100% 6 MiB 1.5MB/s 00:04

Processing entries: 0%

Newer FreeBSD version for package libbigwig:

To ignore this error set IGNORE_OSVERSION=yes

- package: 1104001

- running kernel: 1102000

Ignore the mismatch and continue? [y/N]: y

Processing entries: 100%

FreeBSD repository update completed. 29008 packages processed.

All repositories are up to date.

Updating database digests format: 100%

The following 8 package(s) will be affected (of 0 checked):

New packages to be INSTALLED:

cyrus-sasl: 2.1.27_1

libedit: 3.1.20210216,1

libevent: 2.1.12

liblz4: 1.9.3,1

mysql57-client: 5.7.34

mysql57-server: 5.7.34

perl5: 5.32.1_1

protobuf: 3.14.0,1

Number of packages to be installed: 8

The process will require 286 MiB more space.

35 MiB to be downloaded.

Proceed with this action? [y/N]: y

[1/8] Fetching mysql57-server-5.7.34.txz: 100% 14 MiB 2.5MB/s 00:06

[2/8] Fetching perl5-5.32.1_1.txz: 100% 15 MiB 3.1MB/s 00:05

[3/8] Fetching protobuf-3.14.0,1.txz: 100% 3 MiB 2.9MB/s 00:01

[4/8] Fetching libevent-2.1.12.txz: 100% 320 KiB 327.7kB/s 00:01

[5/8] Fetching libedit-3.1.20210216,1.txz: 100% 138 KiB 141.0kB/s 00:01

[6/8] Fetching mysql57-client-5.7.34.txz: 100% 2 MiB 1.1MB/s 00:02

[7/8] Fetching cyrus-sasl-2.1.27_1.txz: 100% 964 KiB 986.7kB/s 00:01

[8/8] Fetching liblz4-1.9.3,1.txz: 100% 131 KiB 134.1kB/s 00:01

Checking integrity... done (0 conflicting)

[1/8] Installing perl5-5.32.1_1...

[1/8] Extracting perl5-5.32.1_1: 100%

[2/8] Installing protobuf-3.14.0,1...

[2/8] Extracting protobuf-3.14.0,1: 100%

[3/8] Installing libevent-2.1.12...

[3/8] Extracting libevent-2.1.12: 100%

[4/8] Installing libedit-3.1.20210216,1...

[4/8] Extracting libedit-3.1.20210216,1: 100%

[5/8] Installing cyrus-sasl-2.1.27_1...

*** Added group `cyrus' (id 60)

*** Added user `cyrus' (id 60)

[5/8] Extracting cyrus-sasl-2.1.27_1: 100%

[6/8] Installing liblz4-1.9.3,1...

[6/8] Extracting liblz4-1.9.3,1: 100%

[7/8] Installing mysql57-client-5.7.34...

[7/8] Extracting mysql57-client-5.7.34: 100%

[8/8] Installing mysql57-server-5.7.34...

===> Creating groups.

Creating group 'mysql' with gid '88'.

===> Creating users

Creating user 'mysql' with uid '88'.

===> Creating homedir(s)

[8/8] Extracting mysql57-server-5.7.34: 100%

=====

Message from cyrus-sasl-2.1.27_1:

You can use sasldb2 for authentication, to add users use:

saslpasswd2 -c username

If you want to enable SMTP AUTH with the system Sendmail, read

Sendmail.README

NOTE: This port has been compiled with a default pwcheck_method of

auxprop. If you want to authenticate your user by /etc/passwd,

PAM or LDAP, install ports/security/cyrus-sasl2-saslauthd and

set sasl_pwcheck_method to saslauthd after installing the

Cyrus-IMAPd 2.X port. You should also check the

/usr/local/lib/sasl2/*.conf files for the correct

pwcheck_method.

If you want to use GSSAPI mechanism, install

ports/security/cyrus-sasl2-gssapi.

If you want to use SRP mechanism, install

ports/security/cyrus-sasl2-srp.

If you want to use LDAP auxprop plugin, install

ports/security/cyrus-sasl2-ldapdb.

=====

Message from mysql57-client-5.7.34:

This is the mysql CLIENT without the server.

for complete server and client, please install databases/mysql57-server

=====

Message from mysql57-server-5.7.34:

Initial password for first time use of MySQL is saved in $HOME/.mysql_secret

ie. when you want to use "mysql -u root -p" first you should see password

in /root/.mysql_secret

MySQL57 has a default /usr/local/etc/mysql/my.cnf,

remember to replace it wit your own

or set `mysql_optfile="$YOUR_CNF_FILE` in rc.conf.

インストール直後の主要ファイルの存在状況は以下の通り。

/usr/local/etc/mysql/my.cnf　→　存在

$HOME/.mysql_secret　→　存在しない

/root/.mysql_secret　→　存在しない

/usr/local/libdata/ldconfig/mysql57-server　→　存在

/usr/local/share/mysql/mysql.server　→　存在

MySQLサーバー起動

/etc/rc.confに以下の1行を追加してvagrant reload

mysql_enable="YES"

1	mysql_enable="YES"

サーバーの実行状況を確認。

$ sudo /usr/local/etc/rc.d/mysql-server status
mysql is running as pid 1909.

1 2	$ sudo /usr/local/etc/rc.d/mysql-server status mysql is running as pid 1909.

サーバーを再起動する場合。

sudo /usr/local/etc/rc.d/mysql-server start/restart

1	sudo /usr/local/etc/rc.d/mysql-server start/restart

サーバーを起動すると.mysql_secretファイルが作成される。

初回ログインとパスワード変更

初期パスワードの確認

rootユーザーの初期パスワードは/root/.mysql_secretファイルに書かれている。

$ sudo cat /root/.mysql_secret
# Password set for user 'root@localhost' at 2021-06-09 13:34:04
jN<&;9LMQr)E <<これが初期パスワード

$ sudo cat /root/.mysql_secret

# Password set for user 'root@localhost' at 2021-06-09 13:34:04

jN<&;9LMQr)E <<これが初期パスワード

初回ログイン

$ mysql -u root -p
Enter password:<<確認したパスワードを入力
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.34-log

Copyright (c) 2000, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

root@localhost [(none)]>

$ mysql -u root -p

Enter password:<<確認したパスワードを入力

Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MySQL connection id is 2

Server version: 5.7.34-log

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its

affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective

owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

root@localhost [(none)]>

パスワードを変更

SET PASSWORDクエリーでパスワードを変更。

oot@localhost [(none)]> SET PASSWORD FOR root@localhost=password('新しいパスワード');
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

1 2	oot@localhost [(none)]> SET PASSWORD FOR root@localhost=password('新しいパスワード'); Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

日本語の設定

さくらサーバーでの日本語の扱い

インストールしたままの状態だと、ロケールやエンコーディングの設定が日本語の扱いに適していないので変更する必要がある。さくらサーバーのMySQLでの扱いは以下のようになっている。

OSのロケール

ロケールは日本(ja_JP)で文字コードはUTF-8で設定されている。

% locale
LANG=ja_JP.UTF-8
LC_CTYPE="ja_JP.UTF-8"
LC_COLLATE="ja_JP.UTF-8"
LC_TIME="ja_JP.UTF-8"
LC_NUMERIC="ja_JP.UTF-8"
LC_MONETARY="ja_JP.UTF-8"
LC_MESSAGES="ja_JP.UTF-8"
LC_ALL=

% locale

LANG=ja_JP.UTF-8

LC_CTYPE="ja_JP.UTF-8"

LC_COLLATE="ja_JP.UTF-8"

LC_TIME="ja_JP.UTF-8"

LC_NUMERIC="ja_JP.UTF-8"

LC_MONETARY="ja_JP.UTF-8"

LC_MESSAGES="ja_JP.UTF-8"

LC_ALL=

MySQLの文字コード

systemがutf8、databaseとserverがutf8mb4で設定されている。

mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'char%';
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name            | Value                      |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client     | ujis                       |
| character_set_connection | ujis                       |
| character_set_database   | utf8mb4                    |
| character_set_filesystem | binary                     |
| character_set_results    | ujis                       |
| character_set_server     | utf8mb4                    |
| character_set_system     | utf8                       |
| character_sets_dir       | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'char%';

+--------------------------+----------------------------+

| Variable_name | Value |

+--------------------------+----------------------------+

| character_set_client | ujis |

| character_set_connection | ujis |

| character_set_database | utf8mb4 |

| character_set_filesystem | binary |

| character_set_results | ujis |

| character_set_server | utf8mb4 |

| character_set_system | utf8 |

| character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |

+--------------------------+----------------------------+

8 rows in set (0.00 sec)

MySQLの照合順序

databaseとserverの照合順序はutf8mb4_general_ciに設定されている。

mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'col%';
+----------------------+--------------------+
| Variable_name        | Value              |
+----------------------+--------------------+
| collation_connection | ujis_japanese_ci   |
| collation_database   | utf8mb4_general_ci |
| collation_server     | utf8mb4_general_ci |
+----------------------+--------------------+
3 rows in set (0.01 sec)

mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'col%';

+----------------------+--------------------+

| Variable_name | Value |

+----------------------+--------------------+

| collation_connection | ujis_japanese_ci |

| collation_database | utf8mb4_general_ci |

| collation_server | utf8mb4_general_ci |

+----------------------+--------------------+

3 rows in set (0.01 sec)

Vagrantの設定

さくらサーバー上のMySQLの設定に合わせる。ロケール、文字コード、照合順序の詳細については以下を参照。

ロケール設定

/etc/profileに以下2行を追加してvagrantをリロード。

export LC_ALL=ja_JP.UTF-8
export LANG=ja_JP.UTF-8

1 2	export LC_ALL=ja_JP.UTF-8 export LANG=ja_JP.UTF-8

※’=’の前後にはスペースを入れない。

＜変更後のロケール＞

$ locale
LANG=ja_JP.UTF-8
LC_CTYPE="ja_JP.UTF-8"
LC_COLLATE="ja_JP.UTF-8"
LC_TIME="ja_JP.UTF-8"
LC_NUMERIC="ja_JP.UTF-8"
LC_MONETARY="ja_JP.UTF-8"
LC_MESSAGES="ja_JP.UTF-8"
LC_ALL=ja_JP.UTF-8

$ locale

LANG=ja_JP.UTF-8

LC_CTYPE="ja_JP.UTF-8"

LC_COLLATE="ja_JP.UTF-8"

LC_TIME="ja_JP.UTF-8"

LC_NUMERIC="ja_JP.UTF-8"

LC_MONETARY="ja_JP.UTF-8"

LC_MESSAGES="ja_JP.UTF-8"

LC_ALL=ja_JP.UTF-8

文字コードと照合順序の設定

/usr/local/etc/mysql/my.cnfの[mysql]セクションと[mysqld]セクションに各々以下を追加してMySQLをリロード(sudo /usr/local/etc/rc.d/mysql-server restart)。

[mysql]
.....
default-character-set = utf8
.....
[mysqld]
character-set-server = utf8mb4
collateion-server = utf8mb4_general_ci

[mysql]

.....

default-character-set = utf8

.....

[mysqld]

character-set-server = utf8mb4

collateion-server = utf8mb4_general_ci

＜変更後の文字コード＞

root@localhost [(none)]> show variables like 'char%';
+--------------------------+----------------------------------+
| Variable_name            | Value                            |
+--------------------------+----------------------------------+
| character_set_client     | utf8                             |
| character_set_connection | utf8                             |
| character_set_database   | utf8mb4                          |
| character_set_filesystem | binary                           |
| character_set_results    | utf8                             |
| character_set_server     | utf8mb4                          |
| character_set_system     | utf8                             |
| character_sets_dir       | /usr/local/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)

root@localhost [(none)]> show variables like 'char%';

+--------------------------+----------------------------------+

| Variable_name | Value |

+--------------------------+----------------------------------+

| character_set_client | utf8 |

| character_set_connection | utf8 |

| character_set_database | utf8mb4 |

| character_set_filesystem | binary |

| character_set_results | utf8 |

| character_set_server | utf8mb4 |

| character_set_system | utf8 |

| character_sets_dir | /usr/local/share/mysql/charsets/ |

+--------------------------+----------------------------------+

8 rows in set (0.00 sec)

＜変更後の照合順序＞

root@localhost [(none)]> show variables like 'col%';
+----------------------+--------------------+
| Variable_name        | Value              |
+----------------------+--------------------+
| collation_connection | utf8_general_ci    |
| collation_database   | utf8mb4_general_ci |
| collation_server     | utf8mb4_general_ci |
+----------------------+--------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

root@localhost [(none)]> show variables like 'col%';

+----------------------+--------------------+

| Variable_name | Value |

+----------------------+--------------------+

| collation_connection | utf8_general_ci |

| collation_database | utf8mb4_general_ci |

| collation_server | utf8mb4_general_ci |

+----------------------+--------------------+

3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

Vagrant – 環境構築 – さくらサーバー/FreeBSD

2021-06-20 / tau / コメントする

概要

さくらレンタルサーバーの環境をローカルのVagrantで構築。使用はできるだけ本家に近づけるようにした(2021年6月時点)。

ホストOS: Windows10
ゲストOS/Box: FreeBSD 11.2-RELEASE-p10 (GENERIC)
bento/freebsd-11.2

MySQL: mysql Ver 14.14 Distrib 5.7.34, for FreeBSD11.4 (amd64) using EditLine wrapper
PHP

PHP 7.4.20 (cli) (built: Jun 8 2021 01:11:43) ( NTS )

特にMySQLのインストールで行きつ戻りつして数日かかった。

FreeBSD仮想環境の構築

Boxのダウンロード

bento/freebsd-11.2のボックスを追加。

C:\>vagrant box add bento/centos-7.7

1	C:\>vagrant box add bento/centos-7.7

仮想環境のディレクトリー準備

Windowsで既作成の\vagrantディレクトリー下にsakuraディレクトリーを作成して移動。

C:\vagrant>mkdir sakura & cd sakura

1	C:\vagrant>mkdir sakura & cd sakura

イニシャライズ

仮想環境ディレクトリーを初期化。FreeBSDの仮想環境が構築され、vagrantfileが作成される。

C:\vagrant\sakura>vagrant init bento/freebsd-11.2
A `Vagrantfile` has been placed in this directory. You are now
ready to `vagrant up` your first virtual environment! Please read
the comments in the Vagrantfile as well as documentation on
`vagrantup.com` for more information on using Vagrant.

C:\vagrant\sakura>vagrant init bento/freebsd-11.2

A `Vagrantfile` has been placed in this directory. You are now

ready to `vagrant up` your first virtual environment! Please read

the comments in the Vagrantfile as well as documentation on

`vagrantup.com` for more information on using Vagrant.

仮想環境の起動

仮想サーバーの起動

vagrant upコマンドでFreeBSDの仮想サーバーを起動する。

C:\vagrant\sakura>vagrant up
Bringing machine 'default' up with 'virtualbox' provider...
==> default: Importing base box 'bento/freebsd-11.2'...
.....
==> default: Machine booted and ready!
==> default: Checking for guest additions in VM...
    default: The guest additions on this VM do not match the installed version of
    default: VirtualBox! In most cases this is fine, but in rare cases it can
    default: prevent things such as shared folders from working properly. If you see
    default: shared folder errors, please make sure the guest additions within the
    default: virtual machine match the version of VirtualBox you have installed on
    default: your host and reload your VM.
    default:
    default: Guest Additions Version: 5.2.26
    default: VirtualBox Version: 6.1

C:\vagrant\sakura>vagrant up

Bringing machine 'default' up with 'virtualbox' provider...

==> default: Importing base box 'bento/freebsd-11.2'...

.....

==> default: Machine booted and ready!

==> default: Checking for guest additions in VM...

default: The guest additions on this VM do not match the installed version of

default: VirtualBox! In most cases this is fine, but in rare cases it can

default: prevent things such as shared folders from working properly. If you see

default: shared folder errors, please make sure the guest additions within the

default: virtual machine match the version of VirtualBox you have installed on

default: your host and reload your VM.

default:

default: Guest Additions Version: 5.2.26

default: VirtualBox Version: 6.1

仮想サーバーへの接続

vagrant sshで仮想サーバーにログインする。

C:\vagrant\sakura>vagrant ssh
FreeBSD 11.2-RELEASE-p10 (GENERIC) #0: Mon May 13 21:20:50 UTC 2019

Welcome to FreeBSD!

Release Notes, Errata: https://www.FreeBSD.org/releases/
Security Advisories:   https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/
FreeBSD Handbook:      https://www.FreeBSD.org/handbook/
FreeBSD FAQ:           https://www.FreeBSD.org/faq/
Questions List: https://lists.FreeBSD.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions/
FreeBSD Forums:        https://forums.FreeBSD.org/

Documents installed with the system are in the /usr/local/share/doc/freebsd/
directory, or can be installed later with:  pkg install en-freebsd-doc
For other languages, replace "en" with a language code like de or fr.

Show the version of FreeBSD installed:  freebsd-version ; uname -a
Please include that output and any error messages when posting questions.
Introduction to manual pages:  man man
FreeBSD directory layout:      man hier

Edit /etc/motd to change this login announcement.
$

C:\vagrant\sakura>vagrant ssh

FreeBSD 11.2-RELEASE-p10 (GENERIC) #0: Mon May 13 21:20:50 UTC 2019

Welcome to FreeBSD!

Release Notes, Errata: https://www.FreeBSD.org/releases/

Security Advisories: https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/

FreeBSD Handbook: https://www.FreeBSD.org/handbook/

FreeBSD FAQ: https://www.FreeBSD.org/faq/

Questions List: https://lists.FreeBSD.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions/

FreeBSD Forums: https://forums.FreeBSD.org/

Documents installed with the system are in the /usr/local/share/doc/freebsd/

directory, or can be installed later with: pkg install en-freebsd-doc

For other languages, replace "en" with a language code like de or fr.

Show the version of FreeBSD installed: freebsd-version ; uname -a

Please include that output and any error messages when posting questions.

Introduction to manual pages: man man

FreeBSD directory layout: man hier

Edit /etc/motd to change this login announcement.

タイムゾーン設定

初期状態はUTC。

$ date
2021年 6月10日 木曜日 12時55分34秒 UTC

1 2	$ date 2021年 6月10日木曜日 12時55分34秒 UTC

タイムゾーンはtzsetupにタイムゾーンのファイルを指定して設定する。

まずtzsetupの場所を確認。

$ sudo find / -name tzsetup
/usr/sbin/tzsetup

1 2	$ sudo find / -name tzsetup /usr/sbin/tzsetup

次にタイムゾーンファイルの場所を確認。

$ sudo find / -name Tokyo
/usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Tokyo

1 2	$ sudo find / -name Tokyo /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Tokyo

tzsetupにTokyoを与えて実行。タイムゾーンファイルを使うかと尋ねられるのでYes。

$ sudo /usr/sbin/tzsetup /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Tokyo

Default timezone provided
Use the dafault `/user/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Tokyo' zone?
Yes/No

$ sudo /usr/sbin/tzsetup /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Tokyo

Default timezone provided

Use the dafault `/user/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Tokyo' zone?

Yes/No

タイムゾーン設定後

$ date
2021年 6月10日 木曜日 22時16分31秒 JST

1 2	$ date 2021年 6月10日木曜日 22時16分31秒 JST

ファイル共有設定

Vagrantfile

以下の行のコメントを外して修正。

config.vm.synced_folder "./share", "/usr/home/vagrant/share"

1	config.vm.synced_folder "./share", "/usr/home/vagrant/share"

1つ目の引数

ホスト側の共有ディレクトリーのパスで、仮想環境を起動したディレクトリーからの相対パス
この設定ではC:\vagrant\sakura\shareがホスト側の共有ディレクトリーになる
このディレクトリーはホスト側で作成する必要がある

2つ目の引数

ゲスト側の共有ディレクトリーの絶対パス
この場合は~/shareがゲスト側の共有ディレクトリーになる
このディレクトリーは自動作成される

ホスト側の共有ディレクトリー作成

ホスト側のWindowsで共有ディレクトリーを作成

C:\vagrant\sakura>mkdir share

C:\vagrant\sakura>dir
 Volume in drive C has no label.
 Volume Serial Number is 9E41-EED5

 Directory of C:\vagrant\sakura

2021/06/10  10:24    <DIR>          .
2021/06/10  10:24    <DIR>          ..
2021/06/09  22:06    <DIR>          .vagrant
2021/06/20  09:00    <DIR>          share
2021/06/20  08:57             3,102 Vagrantfile
               1 File(s)          3,102 bytes
               4 Dir(s)  274,397,655,040 bytes free

C:\vagrant\sakura>mkdir share

C:\vagrant\sakura>dir

Volume in drive C has no label.

Volume Serial Number is 9E41-EED5

Directory of C:\vagrant\sakura

2021/06/10 10:24 <DIR> .

2021/06/10 10:24 <DIR> ..

2021/06/09 22:06 <DIR> .vagrant

2021/06/20 09:00 <DIR> share

2021/06/20 08:57 3,102 Vagrantfile

1 File(s) 3,102 bytes

4 Dir(s) 274,397,655,040 bytes free

Vagrant起動／再起動

vagrant up/reloadでvagrantfileの内容を仮想マシンに反映させる。その結果、vagrantfileで指定したパスで仮想マシンにshareディレクトリーが作成される。

pkgのブートストラップ

MySQLやPHPなどをインストールするのにpkgによるバイナリーパッケージ管理を利用する。このため、pkgをブートストラップする。

$ sudo pkg bootstrap -f
The package management tool is not yet installed on your system.
Do you want to fetch and install it now? [y/N]: y
Bootstrapping pkg from pkg+http://pkg.FreeBSD.org/FreeBSD:11:amd64/quarterly, please wait...
Verifying signature with trusted certificate pkg.freebsd.org.2013102301... done
Installing pkg-1.16.3...
Newer FreeBSD version for package pkg:
To ignore this error set IGNORE_OSVERSION=yes
- package: 1104001
- running kernel: 1102000
Ignore the mismatch and continue? [y/N]: y
package pkg is already installed, forced install
Extracting pkg-1.16.3: 100%

$ sudo pkg bootstrap -f

The package management tool is not yet installed on your system.

Do you want to fetch and install it now? [y/N]: y

Bootstrapping pkg from pkg+http://pkg.FreeBSD.org/FreeBSD:11:amd64/quarterly, please wait...

Verifying signature with trusted certificate pkg.freebsd.org.2013102301... done

Installing pkg-1.16.3...

Newer FreeBSD version for package pkg:

To ignore this error set IGNORE_OSVERSION=yes

- package: 1104001

- running kernel: 1102000

Ignore the mismatch and continue? [y/N]: y

package pkg is already installed, forced install

Extracting pkg-1.16.3: 100%

Vagrant&VirtualBox – 仮想環境構築・利用の流れ

2021-06-05 / tau / コメントする

概要

Vagrant、VirtualBoxをインストール済みとして、個別のvirtualboxの仮想環境の導入・利用・削除の流れをまとめる。

Vagrant Cloudのbento/centos-7.7を導入する場合を例にする。

仮想環境の導入

virtualboxの検索と追加

サイトでvirtualboxを探す
- bento/centos-7.7を確認
virtualboxを加える
- vagrant box add bento/centos-7.7
  →ここでvirtualboxやvmwareなど複数のプロバイダーの選択肢が出た場合はvirtualboxを選択
追加後の確認
- vagrant box list

ディレクトリーの作成と初期化

仮想環境ディレクトリーを作成
- mkdir centos7 & cd centos7
virtualboxの初期化
- vagrant init bento/centos-7.7
  →Vagrantfileが作成される

仮想環境の利用

仮想環境の起動と接続

仮想環境ディレクトリーでVagrantを起動
- vagrant up
仮想環境に接続
- vagrant ssh

仮想環境の停止

仮想環境のOSを終了(exitなど)
vagrant halt

仮想環境の削除

仮想環境idの確認
- vagrant global-status
仮想環境の削除
- vagrant destroy id

virtualboxの削除

virtualboxの確認
- vagrant box list
virtualboxの削除
1. vagrant box remove bento/centos-7.7

Vagrant/AmazonLinux2 – Railsインストール

2021-03-10 / tau / コメントする

概要

VagrantのAmazonLinux2仮想環境にrbenv/Rubyをインストール後、Railsをインストールした記録。

ホスト：Windows10
ゲスト：Vagrant + VirtualBox + bento/amazonlinux-2

Railsの最新版ではなく、オリジナルの環境に併せて特定のバージョンを指定してインストールした。

Railsに影響する機能の停止

SELinux

もともとSELinuxは無効状態だった。

[vagrant@vagrant ~]$ getenforce
Disabled

1 2	[vagrant@vagrant ~]$ getenforce Disabled

firewalld

そもそもfirewalldはセットされていなかった。

[vagrant@vagrant ~]$ systemctl status firewalld
Unit firewalld.service could not be found.

1 2	[vagrant@vagrant ~]$ systemctl status firewalld Unit firewalld.service could not be found.

Railsのインストール

一応、gemで使用できるRailsの確認。使用可能なRailsはない。

[vagrant@vagrant ~]$ gem list rails

*** LOCAL GEMS ***

[vagrant@vagrant ~]$ gem list rails

*** LOCAL GEMS ***

gemでRailsのバージョン5.1.7を指定してインストール。

[vagrant@vagrant ~]$ gem i -v 5.1.7
railsFetching concurrent-ruby-1.1.8.gem
Fetching thread_safe-0.3.6.gem
Fetching rack-2.2.3.gem
.....
Done installing documentation for concurrent-ruby, i18n, thread_safe, tzinfo, activesupport, irack, rack-test, racc, nokogiri, crass, loofah, rails-html-sanitizer, rails-dom-testing, builder, erubi, actionview, actionpack, activemodel, arel, activerecord, globalid, activejob, mini_mime, mail, actionmailer, nio4r, websocket-extensions, websocket-driver, actioncable, thor, method_source, railties, sprockets, sprockets-rails, rails after 81 seconds
35 gems installed

[vagrant@vagrant ~]$ gem i -v 5.1.7

railsFetching concurrent-ruby-1.1.8.gem

Fetching thread_safe-0.3.6.gem

Fetching rack-2.2.3.gem

.....

Done installing documentation for concurrent-ruby, i18n, thread_safe, tzinfo, activesupport, irack, rack-test, racc, nokogiri, crass, loofah, rails-html-sanitizer, rails-dom-testing, builder, erubi, actionview, actionpack, activemodel, arel, activerecord, globalid, activejob, mini_mime, mail, actionmailer, nio4r, websocket-extensions, websocket-driver, actioncable, thor, method_source, railties, sprockets, sprockets-rails, rails after 81 seconds

35 gems installed

再度使用可能なRailsを探して、インストールされていることを確認する。

[vagrant@vagrant ~]$ gem list rails

*** LOCAL GEMS ***

rails (5.1.7)
rails-dom-testing (2.0.3)
rails-html-sanitizer (1.3.0)
sprockets-rails (3.2.2)

[vagrant@vagrant ~]$ gem list rails

*** LOCAL GEMS ***

rails (5.1.7)

rails-dom-testing (2.0.3)

rails-html-sanitizer (1.3.0)

sprockets-rails (3.2.2)

Railsサーバーの稼働

エラー～JavaScriptランタイムがない

テスト用のプロジェクトを生成してRailsサーバーを起動しようとしたところ、エラーになった。

[vagrant@vagrant test_app]$ rails s
Traceback (most recent call last):
        36: from bin/rails:3:in `<main>'
        35: from bin/rails:3:in `load'
.....
/home/vagrant/.rbenv/versions/2.6.3/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/execjs-2.7.0/lib/execjs/runtimes.rb:58:in `autodetect': Could not find a JavaScript runtime. See https://github.com/rails/execjs for a list of available runtimes. (ExecJS::RuntimeUnavailable)

[vagrant@vagrant test_app]$ rails s

Traceback (most recent call last):

36: from bin/rails:3:in `<main>'

35: from bin/rails:3:in `load'

.....

/home/vagrant/.rbenv/versions/2.6.3/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/execjs-2.7.0/lib/execjs/runtimes.rb:58:in `autodetect': Could not find a JavaScript runtime. See https://github.com/rails/execjs for a list of available runtimes. (ExecJS::RuntimeUnavailable)

Node.jsでもよさそうなので、CentOS7と同じ手順でNode.jsをインストール。Rails6では最新安定版のNode.jsだと警告が出たのでダウングレード下が、Rails5では最新版では警告が出なかった。

[vagrant@vagrant test_app]$ nvm install stable
Downloading and installing node v15.11.0...
Downloading https://nodejs.org/dist/v15.11.0/node-v15.11.0-linux-x64.tar.xz...
######################################################################### 100.0%
Computing checksum with sha256sum
Checksums matched!
Now using node v15.11.0 (npm v7.6.0)
Creating default alias: default -> stable (-> v15.11.0)

[vagrant@vagrant test_app]$ nvm install stable

Downloading and installing node v15.11.0...

Downloading https://nodejs.org/dist/v15.11.0/node-v15.11.0-linux-x64.tar.xz...

######################################################################### 100.0%

Computing checksum with sha256sum

Checksums matched!

Now using node v15.11.0 (npm v7.6.0)

Creating default alias: default -> stable (-> v15.11.0)

ここまででrails serverの実行が可能になった。

ホストブラウザーからの接続

vagrantfileに以下の1行を記述

config.vm.network "forwarded_port", guest: 3000, host: 3000

テスト用のプロジェクトを生成してrails sを実行すると、「このサイトにアクセスできません」と弾かれる。

netstatで確認すると、ポート3000は開いている。

[vagrant@vagrant ~]$ netstat -an
Active Internet connections (servers and established)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address           Foreign Address         State
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:3306            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:111             0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:22              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:3000          0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN
.....

[vagrant@vagrant ~]$ netstat -an

Active Internet connections (servers and established)

Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State

tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:3306 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN

tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:111 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN

tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN

tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:3000 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN

.....

サーバー立ち上げのオプションを以下の様にして接続成功。

rails s -b 0.0.0.0

以前参考にしたサイトを再度確認すると、Rails4.2以降ではこの接続方法になるとのこと。オリジナルの環境ではrails sで十ていたが(エイリアス？)。

既存プロジェクトの実行

オリジナルの環境でつくったプロジェクトをダウンロードし、共有フォルダー経由で仮想環境に移して実行したところ、db:createでエラーが出た。

[vagrant@vagrant bbs]$ rails db:create
Could not find minitest-5.14.3 in any of the sources
Run `bundle install` to install missing gems.

[vagrant@vagrant bbs]$ rails db:create

Could not find minitest-5.14.3 in any of the sources

Run `bundle install` to install missing gems.

指示通りにbundle install。

[vagrant@vagrant bbs]$ bundle install
Warning: the running version of Bundler (1.17.2) is older than the version that created the lockfile (1.17.3). We suggest you upgrade to the latest version of Bundler by running `gem install bundler`.
.....
Bundle complete! 16 Gemfile dependencies, 70 gems now installed.
Use `bundle info [gemname]` to see where a bundled gem is installed.

[vagrant@vagrant bbs]$ bundle install

Warning: the running version of Bundler (1.17.2) is older than the version that created the lockfile (1.17.3). We suggest you upgrade to the latest version of Bundler by running `gem install bundler`.

.....

Bundle complete! 16 Gemfile dependencies, 70 gems now installed.

Use `bundle info [gemname]` to see where a bundled gem is installed.

この後db:migrationは問題なく、これでアプリケーションがオリジナルの環境通りに実行できるようになった。

一方、仮想環境で作ったプロジェクトをオリジナルの環境にアップロードした場合、オリジナル側でbundle installが必要になったが、これで問題なく実行できた。

Vagrant/AmazonLinux2 – rbenv/Rubyインストール

2021-03-10 / tau / コメントする

概要

VagrantのAmazonLinux2仮想環境にrbenv&Rubyをインストールした記録。

ホスト：Windows10
ゲスト：Vagrant + VirtualBox + bento/amazonlinux-2

Gitのインストール

CentOS7仮想環境と同じ方法でGitをインストール。

[vagrant@vagrant ~]$ sudo yum install git

1	[vagrant@vagrant ~]$ sudo yum install git

バージョン確認

[vagrant@vagrant ~]$ git --version
git version 2.23.3

1 2	[vagrant@vagrant ~]$ git --version git version 2.23.3

rbenv/Rubyのインストール

CentOS7仮想環境と同じ方法でインストール・設定(ライブラリーのインストールも含む)。

Gitからrbenvをクローン
.bash_profileの設定
Gitからruby-buildをクローン
Rubyに必要なライブラリーをインストール

Rubyインストール時に最新バージョンではなく過去のバージョンを指定してインストール。

rbenv install --list-allで全バージョンを確認
Rubyのインストール時に、バージョンを指定してインストール
rbenv globalで通常使うバージョンを指定

[vagrant@vagrant ~]$ rbenv install --list-all
1.8.5-p52
1.8.5-p113
1.8.5-p114
.....
2.6.2
2.6.3
2.6.4
.....

[vagrant@vagrant ~]$ rbenv install 2.6.3
Downloading ruby-2.6.3.tar.bz2...
-> https://cache.ruby-lang.org/pub/ruby/2.6/ruby-2.6.3.tar.bz2
Installing ruby-2.6.3...
Installed ruby-2.6.3 to /home/vagrant/.rbenv/versions/2.6.3
[vagrant@vagrant ~]$ rbenv global 2.6.3
[vagrant@vagrant ~]$ ruby -v
ruby 2.6.3p62 (2019-04-16 revision 67580) [x86_64-linux]

[vagrant@vagrant ~]$ rbenv install --list-all

1.8.5-p52

1.8.5-p113

1.8.5-p114

.....

2.6.2

2.6.3

2.6.4

.....

[vagrant@vagrant ~]$ rbenv install 2.6.3

Downloading ruby-2.6.3.tar.bz2...

-> https://cache.ruby-lang.org/pub/ruby/2.6/ruby-2.6.3.tar.bz2

Installing ruby-2.6.3...

Installed ruby-2.6.3 to /home/vagrant/.rbenv/versions/2.6.3

[vagrant@vagrant ~]$ rbenv global 2.6.3

[vagrant@vagrant ~]$ ruby -v

ruby 2.6.3p62 (2019-04-16 revision 67580) [x86_64-linux]

Vagrant – 仮想環境構築 – Amazon Linux 2

2021-03-10 / tau / コメントする

概要

クラウドで利用していたAWS(Amazon Web Service)のEC2/Cloud9の環境をVagrantでローカルに構築した記録。利用時の環境に併せて、OS、MySQL、Ruby、Railsのバージョンをできるだけ整合させた。

オリジナルの環境

OS : Amazon Linux AMI release 2018.03
MySQL : mysql Ver 14.14 Distrib 5.5.62, for Linux (x86_64) using readline 5.1
Ruby : ruby 2.6.3p62 (2019-04-16 revision 67580) [x86_64-linux]
Rails : Rails 5.1.7

構築した環境

OS(Box) : bento/amazonlinux-2 (virtualbox, 1.2.1)
MySQL : Ver 14.14 Distrib 5.5.62, for Linux (x86_64) using readline 5.1
Ruby : ruby 2.6.3p62 (2019-04-16 revision 67580) [x86_64-linux]
Rails : Rails 5.1.7

Vagrant/VirtualBoxの導入

Vagrant – 仮想環境構築 – CentOS7を参照。

Boxの導入

ダウンロード

vagruntupのFind Boxesでキーワードamazonを含むBoxを検索し、bento/amazonlinux-2(1.2.1)を選択。

このBoxをvagrant addコマンドでローカルに追加。

C:\>vagrant box add bento/amazonlinux-2
==> box: Loading metadata for box 'bento/amazonlinux-2'
    box: URL: https://vagrantcloud.com/bento/amazonlinux-2
==> box: Adding box 'bento/amazonlinux-2' (v1.2.1) for provider: virtualbox
    box: Downloading: https://vagrantcloud.com/bento/boxes/amazonlinux-2/versions/1.2.1/providers/virtualbox.box
Download redirected to host: vagrantcloud-files-production.s3.amazonaws.com
    box:
==> box: Successfully added box 'bento/amazonlinux-2' (v1.2.1) for 'virtualbox'!

C:\>vagrant box list
bento/amazonlinux-2 (virtualbox, 1.2.1)
bento/centos-7.7    (virtualbox, 202005.12.0)

C:\>vagrant box add bento/amazonlinux-2

==> box: Loading metadata for box 'bento/amazonlinux-2'

box: URL: https://vagrantcloud.com/bento/amazonlinux-2

==> box: Adding box 'bento/amazonlinux-2' (v1.2.1) for provider: virtualbox

box: Downloading: https://vagrantcloud.com/bento/boxes/amazonlinux-2/versions/1.2.1/providers/virtualbox.box

Download redirected to host: vagrantcloud-files-production.s3.amazonaws.com

box:

==> box: Successfully added box 'bento/amazonlinux-2' (v1.2.1) for 'virtualbox'!

C:\>vagrant box list

bento/amazonlinux-2 (virtualbox, 1.2.1)

bento/centos-7.7 (virtualbox, 202005.12.0)

仮想環境の初期化

ディレクトリー\vagrant\amazonlinux2を作成・移動し、vagrant initでダウンロードしたBoxで環境を構築。

C:\vagrant\amazon2>vagrant init bento/amazonlinux-2
A `Vagrantfile` has been placed in this directory. You are now
ready to `vagrant up` your first virtual environment! Please read
the comments in the Vagrantfile as well as documentation on
`vagrantup.com` for more information on using Vagrant.

C:\vagrant\amazon2>vagrant init bento/amazonlinux-2

A `Vagrantfile` has been placed in this directory. You are now

ready to `vagrant up` your first virtual environment! Please read

the comments in the Vagrantfile as well as documentation on

`vagrantup.com` for more information on using Vagrant.

仮想環境の利用

仮想環境の起動

vagrant upコマンドで仮想環境を起動。初回起動時は多数のパッケージインストールや依存関係の解決で時間がかかる。

C:\vagrant\amazon2>vagrant up
Bringing machine 'default' up with 'virtualbox' provider...
==> default: Importing base box 'bento/amazonlinux-2'...
.....
==> default: Machine booted and ready![default] GuestAdditions versions on your host (6.1.18) and guest (6.1.16) do not match.
Loaded plugins: dkms-build-requires, langpacks, priorities, update-motd
.....
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved

================================================================================
Package                  Arch     Version                   Repository    Size
================================================================================
Installing:
elfutils-libelf-devel    x86_64   0.176-2.amzn2             amzn2-core    40 k
gcc                      x86_64   7.3.1-12.amzn2            amzn2-core    22 M
kernel-devel             x86_64   4.14.198-152.320.amzn2    amzn2-core    13 M
kernel-devel             x86_64   4.14.219-161.340.amzn2    amzn2-core    13 M
Updating:
perl                     x86_64   4:5.16.3-299.amzn2.0.1    amzn2-core   8.0 M
Installing for dependencies:
cpp                      x86_64   7.3.1-12.amzn2            amzn2-core   9.2 M
glibc-devel              x86_64   2.26-41.amzn2             amzn2-core   991 k
.....
perl-libs                x86_64   4:5.16.3-299.amzn2.0.1    amzn2-core   685 k
Transaction Summary
================================================================================
Install  4 Packages (+ 4 Dependent packages)
Upgrade  1 Package  (+15 Dependent packages)

Total download size: 84 M
Downloading packages:
Delta RPMs disabled because /usr/bin/applydeltarpm not installed.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total                                              829 kB/s |  84 MB  01:43    
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
  Installing : elfutils-libelf-devel-0.176-2.amzn2.x86_64                  1/40
  Updating   : glibc-common-2.26-41.amzn2.x86_64                           2/40
  Updating   : glibc-2.26-41.amzn2.x86_64                                  3/40
.....

Installed:  elfutils-libelf-devel.x86_64 0:0.176-2.amzn2                                 
  gcc.x86_64 0:7.3.1-12.amzn2                                                  
  kernel-devel.x86_64 0:4.14.198-152.320.amzn2                                 
  kernel-devel.x86_64 0:4.14.219-161.340.amzn2                                 

Dependency Installed:
  cpp.x86_64 0:7.3.1-12.amzn2                                                  
  glibc-devel.x86_64 0:2.26-41.amzn2                                           
  glibc-headers.x86_64 0:2.26-41.amzn2                                         
  kernel-headers.x86_64 0:4.14.219-161.340.amzn2                               

Updated:
  perl.x86_64 4:5.16.3-299.amzn2.0.1                                           

Dependency Updated:
  glibc.x86_64 0:2.26-41.amzn2                                                 
.....
Complete!Copy iso file C:\Program Files\Oracle\VirtualBox\VBoxGuestAdditions.iso into the box /tmp/VBoxGuestAdditions.iso
.....
VirtualBox Guest Additions: Running kernel modules will not be replaced untilthe system is restarted

==> default: Mounting shared folders...    default: /vagrant => C:/vagrant/amazon2

C:\vagrant\amazon2>vagrant up

Bringing machine 'default' up with 'virtualbox' provider...

==> default: Importing base box 'bento/amazonlinux-2'...

.....

==> default: Machine booted and ready![default] GuestAdditions versions on your host (6.1.18) and guest (6.1.16) do not match.

Loaded plugins: dkms-build-requires, langpacks, priorities, update-motd

.....

--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

================================================================================

Package Arch Version Repository Size

================================================================================

Installing:

elfutils-libelf-devel x86_64 0.176-2.amzn2 amzn2-core 40 k

gcc x86_64 7.3.1-12.amzn2 amzn2-core 22 M

kernel-devel x86_64 4.14.198-152.320.amzn2 amzn2-core 13 M

kernel-devel x86_64 4.14.219-161.340.amzn2 amzn2-core 13 M

Updating:

perl x86_64 4:5.16.3-299.amzn2.0.1 amzn2-core 8.0 M

Installing for dependencies:

cpp x86_64 7.3.1-12.amzn2 amzn2-core 9.2 M

glibc-devel x86_64 2.26-41.amzn2 amzn2-core 991 k

.....

perl-libs x86_64 4:5.16.3-299.amzn2.0.1 amzn2-core 685 k

Transaction Summary

================================================================================

Install 4 Packages (+ 4 Dependent packages)

Upgrade 1 Package (+15 Dependent packages)

Total download size: 84 M

Downloading packages:

Delta RPMs disabled because /usr/bin/applydeltarpm not installed.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Total 829 kB/s | 84 MB 01:43

Running transaction check

Running transaction test

Transaction test succeeded

Running transaction

Installing : elfutils-libelf-devel-0.176-2.amzn2.x86_64 1/40

Updating : glibc-common-2.26-41.amzn2.x86_64 2/40

Updating : glibc-2.26-41.amzn2.x86_64 3/40

.....

Installed: elfutils-libelf-devel.x86_64 0:0.176-2.amzn2

gcc.x86_64 0:7.3.1-12.amzn2

kernel-devel.x86_64 0:4.14.198-152.320.amzn2

kernel-devel.x86_64 0:4.14.219-161.340.amzn2

Dependency Installed:

cpp.x86_64 0:7.3.1-12.amzn2

glibc-devel.x86_64 0:2.26-41.amzn2

glibc-headers.x86_64 0:2.26-41.amzn2

kernel-headers.x86_64 0:4.14.219-161.340.amzn2

Updated:

perl.x86_64 4:5.16.3-299.amzn2.0.1

Dependency Updated:

glibc.x86_64 0:2.26-41.amzn2

.....

Complete!Copy iso file C:\Program Files\Oracle\VirtualBox\VBoxGuestAdditions.iso into the box /tmp/VBoxGuestAdditions.iso

.....

VirtualBox Guest Additions: Running kernel modules will not be replaced untilthe system is restarted

==> default: Mounting shared folders... default: /vagrant => C:/vagrant/amazon2

仮想環境へのログイン

vagrant sshコマンドで仮想環境にログイン。EC2のロゴが表示される。

C:\vagrant\amazon2>vagrant ssh

       __|  __|_  )
       _|  (     /   Amazon Linux 2 AMI
      ___|\___|___|

https://aws.amazon.com/amazon-linux-2/
46 package(s) needed for security, out of 66 available
Run "sudo yum update" to apply all updates.

This system is built by the Bento project by Chef Software
More information can be found at https://github.com/chef/bento
[vagrant@vagrant ~]$

C:\vagrant\amazon2>vagrant ssh

__| __|_ )

_| ( / Amazon Linux 2 AMI

___|\___|___|

https://aws.amazon.com/amazon-linux-2/

46 package(s) needed for security, out of 66 available

Run "sudo yum update" to apply all updates.

This system is built by the Bento project by Chef Software

More information can be found at https://github.com/chef/bento

[vagrant@vagrant ~]$

システム情報

リリースの表現が違っている。

構築したシステム情報

[vagrant@vagrant ~]$ cat /etc/system-release
Amazon Linux release 2 (Karoo)
[vagrant@vagrant ~]$ cat /etc/os-release
NAME="Amazon Linux"
VERSION="2"
ID="amzn"
ID_LIKE="centos rhel fedora"
VERSION_ID="2"
PRETTY_NAME="Amazon Linux 2"
ANSI_COLOR="0;33"
CPE_NAME="cpe:2.3:o:amazon:amazon_linux:2"
HOME_URL="https://amazonlinux.com/"

[vagrant@vagrant ~]$ cat /etc/system-release

Amazon Linux release 2 (Karoo)

[vagrant@vagrant ~]$ cat /etc/os-release

NAME="Amazon Linux"

VERSION="2"

ID="amzn"

ID_LIKE="centos rhel fedora"

VERSION_ID="2"

PRETTY_NAME="Amazon Linux 2"

ANSI_COLOR="0;33"

CPE_NAME="cpe:2.3:o:amazon:amazon_linux:2"

HOME_URL="https://amazonlinux.com/"

オリジナルのシステム情報

$ cat /etc/system-release
Amazon Linux AMI release 2018.03
$ cat /etc/os-release
NAME="Amazon Linux AMI"
VERSION="2018.03"
ID="amzn"
ID_LIKE="rhel fedora"
VERSION_ID="2018.03"
PRETTY_NAME="Amazon Linux AMI 2018.03"
ANSI_COLOR="0;33"
CPE_NAME="cpe:/o:amazon:linux:2018.03:ga"
HOME_URL="http://aws.amazon.com/amazon-linux-ami/"

$ cat /etc/system-release

Amazon Linux AMI release 2018.03

$ cat /etc/os-release

NAME="Amazon Linux AMI"

VERSION="2018.03"

ID="amzn"

ID_LIKE="rhel fedora"

VERSION_ID="2018.03"

PRETTY_NAME="Amazon Linux AMI 2018.03"

ANSI_COLOR="0;33"

CPE_NAME="cpe:/o:amazon:linux:2018.03:ga"

HOME_URL="http://aws.amazon.com/amazon-linux-ami/"

ロケールとタイムゾーンの設定

確認

タイムゾーンがUTC、ロケールはLANG=enになっている。

[vagrant@vagrant ~]$ date
Sun Mar  7 21:29:29 UTC 2021
[vagrant@vagrant ~]$ locale
LANG=en_US.UTF-8
LC_CTYPE="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_NUMERIC="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_TIME="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_COLLATE="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_MONETARY="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_MESSAGES="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_PAPER="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_NAME="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_ADDRESS="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_TELEPHONE="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_MEASUREMENT="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_IDENTIFICATION="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_ALL=
[vagrant@vagrant ~]$ localectl
   System Locale: LANG=en_US.UTF-8
       VC Keymap: n/a
      X11 Layout: n/a

[vagrant@vagrant ~]$ date

Sun Mar 7 21:29:29 UTC 2021

[vagrant@vagrant ~]$ locale

LANG=en_US.UTF-8

LC_CTYPE="en_US.UTF-8"

LC_NUMERIC="en_US.UTF-8"

LC_TIME="en_US.UTF-8"

LC_COLLATE="en_US.UTF-8"

LC_MONETARY="en_US.UTF-8"

LC_MESSAGES="en_US.UTF-8"

LC_PAPER="en_US.UTF-8"

LC_NAME="en_US.UTF-8"

LC_ADDRESS="en_US.UTF-8"

LC_TELEPHONE="en_US.UTF-8"

LC_MEASUREMENT="en_US.UTF-8"

LC_IDENTIFICATION="en_US.UTF-8"

LC_ALL=

[vagrant@vagrant ~]$ localectl

System Locale: LANG=en_US.UTF-8

VC Keymap: n/a

X11 Layout: n/a

ロケールの設定

ロケールをJPに設定して再起動。表現は日本語になるが、まだタイムゾーンはUTC。

[vagrant@vagrant ~]$ sudo localectl set-locale LANG=ja_JP.UTF-8
[vagrant@vagrant ~]$ date
Sun Mar  7 21:31:03 UTC 2021
[vagrant@vagrant ~]$ exit
logout
Connection to 127.0.0.1 closed.

C:\vagrant\amazonlinux2>vagrant ssh
Last login: Sun Mar  7 21:29:03 2021 from 10.0.2.2
Last login: Sun Mar  7 21:29:03 2021 from 10.0.2.2

       __|  __|_  )
       _|  (     /   Amazon Linux 2 AMI
      ___|\___|___|

https://aws.amazon.com/amazon-linux-2/
45 package(s) needed for security, out of 65 available
Run "sudo yum update" to apply all updates.

This system is built by the Bento project by Chef Software
More information can be found at https://github.com/chef/bento
[vagrant@vagrant ~]$ date
2021年  3月  7日 日曜日 21:32:23 UTC

[vagrant@vagrant ~]$ sudo localectl set-locale LANG=ja_JP.UTF-8

[vagrant@vagrant ~]$ date

Sun Mar 7 21:31:03 UTC 2021

[vagrant@vagrant ~]$ exit

logout

Connection to 127.0.0.1 closed.

C:\vagrant\amazonlinux2>vagrant ssh

Last login: Sun Mar 7 21:29:03 2021 from 10.0.2.2

__| __|_ )

_| ( / Amazon Linux 2 AMI

___|\___|___|

https://aws.amazon.com/amazon-linux-2/

45 package(s) needed for security, out of 65 available

Run "sudo yum update" to apply all updates.

This system is built by the Bento project by Chef Software

More information can be found at https://github.com/chef/bento

[vagrant@vagrant ~]$ date

2021年 3月 7日日曜日 21:32:23 UTC

timedatectlで現在のロケールを確認。UTC。

[vagrant@vagrant ~]$ timedatectl
      Local time: 日 2021-03-07 21:34:01 UTC
  Universal time: 日 2021-03-07 21:34:01 UTC
        RTC time: 日 2021-03-07 21:33:54
       Time zone: n/a (UTC, +0000)
     NTP enabled: yes
NTP synchronized: no
RTC in local TZ: no
      DST active: n/a

[vagrant@vagrant ~]$ timedatectl

Local time: 日 2021-03-07 21:34:01 UTC

Universal time: 日 2021-03-07 21:34:01 UTC

RTC time: 日 2021-03-07 21:33:54

Time zone: n/a (UTC, +0000)

NTP enabled: yes

NTP synchronized: no

RTC in local TZ: no

DST active: n/a

タイムゾーンの設定

timedatectl list-timezonesで設定可能なタイムゾーンを確認。

[vagrant@vagrant ~]$ timedatectl list-timezones
Africa/Abidjan
Africa/Accra
Africa/Addis_Ababa
.....
Asia/Tokyo
.....

[vagrant@vagrant ~]$ timedatectl list-timezones

Africa/Abidjan

Africa/Accra

Africa/Addis_Ababa

.....

Asia/Tokyo

.....

タイムゾーンをAsia/Tokyoに設定。

[vagrant@vagrant ~]$ sudo timedatectl set-timezone Asia/Tokyo
[vagrant@vagrant ~]$ date
2021年  3月  8日 月曜日 06:37:47 JST
[vagrant@vagrant ~]$ timedatectl
      Local time: 月 2021-03-08 06:37:51 JST
  Universal time: 日 2021-03-07 21:37:51 UTC
        RTC time: 日 2021-03-07 21:37:45
       Time zone: Asia/Tokyo (JST, +0900)
     NTP enabled: yes
NTP synchronized: no
RTC in local TZ: no
      DST active: n/a

[vagrant@vagrant ~]$ sudo timedatectl set-timezone Asia/Tokyo

[vagrant@vagrant ~]$ date

2021年 3月 8日月曜日 06:37:47 JST

[vagrant@vagrant ~]$ timedatectl

Local time: 月 2021-03-08 06:37:51 JST

Universal time: 日 2021-03-07 21:37:51 UTC

RTC time: 日 2021-03-07 21:37:45

Time zone: Asia/Tokyo (JST, +0900)

NTP enabled: yes

NTP synchronized: no

RTC in local TZ: no

DST active: n/a

その他の設定

共有設定、Atomでの接続はCentOS7と同じ手順で完了。

Vagrant – コマンド

2021-03-04 / tau / コメントする

Vagrant全般

ヘルプ・コマンド一覧

コマンド全体

vagrant -h
vagrant --help

サブコマンド

vagrant help command

Vagrantのバージョン確認

vagrant -v
vagrant --version

Box関係

Boxの一覧

vagrant box list

Boxの追加・削除

vagrant box add **/**
vagrant box add virtual_name box_name.box
vagrant box remove **/**
vagrant box remove box_name --box-version ****.**
Box削除の前にvagrant destroyで仮想マシンを削除する

Boxの更新

対象の仮想環境のディレクトリー内で実行。

vagrant box update

バックアップ／リストア

vagrant package box_name
→現在の仮想環境をバックアップ
→カレントディレクトリーにpackage.box作成
vagrant package box_name --output buckup_name.box

リストアはaddの後init。

vagrant add box_name backup_name.box
→仮想環境ディレクトリーに移動
→vagrant init box_name

仮想マシン操作

仮想マシン操作は仮想マシンのディレクトリー内で。

仮想環境の一覧・動作状況

vagrant global-status

仮想マシンの初期化～vagrantfile作成

vagrant init box_name

仮想マシンの起動・停止・確認

仮想マシンに関する操作は仮想マシンのディレクトリー内で。

vagrant up
vagrant halt
vagrant restart
vagrant status

仮想マシンへの接続／接続情報確認

vagrant ssh
vagrant ssh-config

仮想マシンの削除

vagrant destroy id
- idはvagrant global-statusで確認
- Boxを削除する前に仮想マシンを削除する

Snapshot～スナップショット

対象の仮想マシンのvagrantfileがあるディレクトリーで実行
vagrant haltで停止しなくても、snapshot実行時に一時仮想マシンを停止して再起動してくれる

スナップショットの保存

vagrant snapshot save snapshot_name

スナップショットの一覧

vagrant snapshot list

スナップショットの復元

vagrant snapshot restore snapshot_name

スナップショットの削除

vagrant snapshot delete snapshot_name

Vagrant – Atomを使う

2021-03-01 / tau / コメントする

方法1～共有フォルダ－

共有フォルダにあるファイルをホスト側のAtomで開く。

ただし、Railsのファイルを編集している場合、いったんRailsサーバーを立ち上げなおさないと内容が反映されないという症状が出た。

方法2～AtomからFTP接続

remote-ftpのインストール

AtomにFTP接続用のパッケージをインストールして接続する。

手順

File → Settings→Installからremote-ftpを検索してインストール
AtomからホストのVirtualBoxの仮想マシンフォルダーを開く(C:\vagrant\centos7)
Packages→Remote FTP → Create SFTP config file
Atomで開いた.ftpconfigファイルの内容を編集

.ftpconfigファイルの編集

.ftpconfigファイルの編集に必要な情報は、コンソールからvagrant ssh-configコマンドで表示させる。

C:\vagrant\centos7>vagrant ssh-config
Host default
  HostName 127.0.0.1
  User vagrant
  Port 2222
  UserKnownHostsFile /dev/null
  StrictHostKeyChecking no
  PasswordAuthentication no
  IdentityFile C:/vagrant/centos7/.vagrant/machines/default/virtualbox/private_key
  IdentitiesOnly yes
  LogLevel FATAL

C:\vagrant\centos7>vagrant ssh-config

Host default

HostName 127.0.0.1

User vagrant

Port 2222

UserKnownHostsFile /dev/null

StrictHostKeyChecking no

PasswordAuthentication no

IdentityFile C:/vagrant/centos7/.vagrant/machines/default/virtualbox/private_key

IdentitiesOnly yes

LogLevel FATAL

この情報に基づいて.ftpconfigを編集。

{
    "protocol": "sftp",
    "host": "127.0.0.1",
    "port": 2222,
    "user": "vagrant",
    "pass": "",
    "promptForPass": false,
    "remote": "/home/vagrant",
    "local": "",
    "agent": "",
    "privatekey": "C:/vagrant/centos7/.vagrant/machines/default/virtualbox/private_key",
    "passphrase": "",
    "hosthash": "",
    "ignorehost": true,
    "connTimeout": 10000,
    "keepalive": 10000,
    "keyboardInteractive": false,
    "keyboardInteractiveForPass": false,
    "remoteCommand": "",
    "remoteShell": "",
    "watch": [],
    "watchTimeout": 500
}

{

"protocol": "sftp",

"host": "127.0.0.1",

"port": 2222,

"user": "vagrant",

"pass": "",

"promptForPass": false,

"remote": "/home/vagrant",

"local": "",

"agent": "",

"privatekey": "C:/vagrant/centos7/.vagrant/machines/default/virtualbox/private_key",

"passphrase": "",

"hosthash": "",

"ignorehost": true,

"connTimeout": 10000,

"keepalive": 10000,

"keyboardInteractive": false,

"keyboardInteractiveForPass": false,

"remoteCommand": "",

"remoteShell": "",

"watch": [],

"watchTimeout": 500

}

接続

Packages→RemoteFTP→Toggle
Remoteタブ表示
Connectボタンをクリック

トラブル

ERBファイル

Railsのerbファイルに色がつかない。config.csonを編集してみたが効果がなかった。

原因はtree-sitter parserのバグが考えられ、以下で対処。

Settings→Coreの”Use Tree Sitter Parsers”のチェックを外す
再起動→チェックが外れているという警告は無視

Vagrant/CentOS7 – Railsのインストール

2021-02-26 / tau / コメントする

概要

Vagrant + VirtualBox + CentOSの環境にRuby、MySQLをインストール後、Railsをインストールするのにいろいろと躓きながら進めた記録。

構成

Vagrant : 2.2.14
VirtualBox : 6.1.18
Box : bento/CentOS-7.7
mysql : Ver 8.0.23 for Linux on x86_64
Ruby : ruby 3.0.0p0
Rails : Rails 6.1.3

インストール概略

階層が下のものは今回必要になったもの。

SELinux、firewalldの停止
Railsインストール
- sasscインストール
  - g++インストール
- mysql-develインストール
  - Node.jsインストール
Railsサーバー実行
- webpackerインストール
  - Node.jsインストール(再掲)
  - Yarnインストール

利用手順

アプリケーション生成

sqlite3がデフォルトで未インストールではエラーが出るため、コマンドラインでmysqlを指定。

rails new app_name -d mysql
rails new app_name --database=mysql

database.ymlの修正

データベースを使わない場合は、development、test、productionの各database:をコメントアウト／削除。

default: &default
  adapter: mysql2
  encoding: utf8mb4
  pool: <%= ENV.fetch("RAILS_MAX_THREADS") { 5 } %>
  username: root
  password: vagrant
  socket: /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

development:
  <<: *default
#  database: bbs_development

test:
  <<: *default
#  database: bbs_test

production:
  <<: *default
#  database: bbs_production
#  username: bbs
#  password: <%= ENV['BBS_DATABASE_PASSWORD'] %>

default: &default

adapter: mysql2

encoding: utf8mb4

pool: <%= ENV.fetch("RAILS_MAX_THREADS") { 5 } %>

username: root

password: vagrant

socket: /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

development:

<<: *default

# database: bbs_development

test:

<<: *default

# database: bbs_test

production:

<<: *default

# database: bbs_production

# username: bbs

# password: <%= ENV['BBS_DATABASE_PASSWORD'] %>

Railsサーバー起動

アプリケーションディレクトリー内で以下を実行。

rails s -b 0.0.0.0

ブラウザから以下でアクセス。

localhost:3000

Railsに影響する機能の停止

Railsをインストール・稼働させるにあたって、Railsに影響を与える機能を停止させる。

SELinux

アクセス制御機能のSELinuxのステータスがEnforsingの場合にはPermissiveになるよう設定する。

firewalld

ファイアーウォール・サービスfirewalldが有効の場合は無効化する。

Railsのインストール

Rails本体のインストール

[vagrant@localhost ~]$ gem install rails
Fetching concurrent-ruby-1.1.8.gem
Fetching crass-1.0.6.gem
Fetching loofah-2.9.0.gem
.....
Successfully installed rack-2.2.3
Successfully installed concurrent-ruby-1.1.8
Successfully installed sprockets-4.0.2
.....
Building native extensions. This could take a while...
Successfully installed websocket-driver-0.7.3
Building native extensions. This could take a while...
Successfully installed nio4r-2.5.5
.....
Done installing documentation for rack, concurrent-ruby, sprockets, zeitwerk, tzinfo, i18n, activesupport, nokogiri, crass, loofah, rails-html-sanitizer, rails-dom-testing, rack-test, erubi, builder, actionview, actionpack, sprockets-rails, thor, method_source, railties, mimemagic, marcel, activemodel, activerecord, globalid, activejob, activestorage, actiontext, mini_mime, mail, actionmailer, actionmailbox, websocket-extensions, websocket-driver, nio4r, actioncable, rails after 117 seconds
38 gems installed

[vagrant@localhost ~]$ gem install rails

Fetching concurrent-ruby-1.1.8.gem

Fetching crass-1.0.6.gem

Fetching loofah-2.9.0.gem

.....

Successfully installed rack-2.2.3

Successfully installed concurrent-ruby-1.1.8

Successfully installed sprockets-4.0.2

.....

Building native extensions. This could take a while...

Successfully installed websocket-driver-0.7.3

Building native extensions. This could take a while...

Successfully installed nio4r-2.5.5

.....

Done installing documentation for rack, concurrent-ruby, sprockets, zeitwerk, tzinfo, i18n, activesupport, nokogiri, crass, loofah, rails-html-sanitizer, rails-dom-testing, rack-test, erubi, builder, actionview, actionpack, sprockets-rails, thor, method_source, railties, mimemagic, marcel, activemodel, activerecord, globalid, activejob, activestorage, actiontext, mini_mime, mail, actionmailer, actionmailbox, websocket-extensions, websocket-driver, nio4r, actioncable, rails after 117 seconds

38 gems installed

インストール後のバージョン確認。

[vagrant@localhost ~]$ rails --version
Rails 6.1.3

1 2	[vagrant@localhost ~]$ rails --version Rails 6.1.3

エラー1～アプリ生成時～sassc

sasscパッケージがない

Railsインストール後にアプリケーションを生成しようとすると、sasscインストール時にエラーとなる。

[vagrant@localhost ~]$ mkdir app
[vagrant@localhost ~]$ cd app
[vagrant@localhost ~]$ rails new rails_test
.....
Installing sassc 2.4.0 with native extensions
Gem::Ext::BuildError: ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.
.....
An error occurred while installing sassc (2.4.0), and Bundler cannot
continue.
Make sure that `gem install sassc -v '2.4.0' --source 'https://rubygems.org/'`
succeeds before bundling.
.....

[vagrant@localhost ~]$ mkdir app

[vagrant@localhost ~]$ cd app

[vagrant@localhost ~]$ rails new rails_test

.....

Installing sassc 2.4.0 with native extensions

Gem::Ext::BuildError: ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.

.....

An error occurred while installing sassc (2.4.0), and Bundler cannot

continue.

Make sure that `gem install sassc -v '2.4.0' --source 'https://rubygems.org/'`

succeeds before bundling.

.....

sasscインストール時にg++がない

メッセージに従ってsasscをインストールしようとするとエラーになる。g++がないのが原因らしい。

参考サイト：centos7でsassc 2.0.0 with native extensionsのインストールに失敗

[vagrant@localhost rails_test]$ gem install sassc
Building native extensions. This could take a while...
ERROR:  Error installing sassc:
        ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.
.....
compiling ./libsass/src/ast.cpp
make: g++: Command not found
make: *** [ast.o] Error 127

make failed, exit code 2

Gem files will remain installed in /home/vagrant/.rbenv/versions/3.0.0/lib/ruby/gems/3.0.0/gems/sassc-2.4.0 for inspection.
Results logged to /home/vagrant/.rbenv/versions/3.0.0/lib/ruby/gems/3.0.0/extensions/x86_64-linux/3.0.0/sassc-2.4.0/gem_make.out

[vagrant@localhost rails_test]$ gem install sassc

Building native extensions. This could take a while...

ERROR: Error installing sassc:

ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.

.....

compiling ./libsass/src/ast.cpp

make: g++: Command not found

make: *** [ast.o] Error 127

make failed, exit code 2

Gem files will remain installed in /home/vagrant/.rbenv/versions/3.0.0/lib/ruby/gems/3.0.0/gems/sassc-2.4.0 for inspection.

Results logged to /home/vagrant/.rbenv/versions/3.0.0/lib/ruby/gems/3.0.0/extensions/x86_64-linux/3.0.0/sassc-2.4.0/gem_make.out

gcc-c++はあるようだが・・・

[vagrant@localhost rails_test]$ yum list | grep gcc
gcc.x86_64                                  4.8.5-44.el7               @base
libgcc.x86_64                               4.8.5-44.el7               @base
compat-gcc-44.x86_64                        4.4.7-8.el7                base
compat-gcc-44-c++.x86_64                    4.4.7-8.el7                base
compat-gcc-44-gfortran.x86_64               4.4.7-8.el7                base
gcc-c++.x86_64                              4.8.5-44.el7               base
gcc-gfortran.x86_64                         4.8.5-44.el7               base
gcc-gnat.x86_64                             4.8.5-44.el7               base
gcc-go.x86_64                               4.8.5-44.el7               base
gcc-objc.x86_64                             4.8.5-44.el7               base
gcc-objc++.x86_64                           4.8.5-44.el7               base
gcc-plugin-devel.x86_64                     4.8.5-44.el7               base
libgcc.i686                                 4.8.5-44.el7               base
relaxngcc.noarch                            1.12-6.el7                 base
relaxngcc-javadoc.noarch                    1.12-6.el7                 base

[vagrant@localhost rails_test]$ yum list | grep gcc

gcc.x86_64 4.8.5-44.el7 @base

libgcc.x86_64 4.8.5-44.el7 @base

compat-gcc-44.x86_64 4.4.7-8.el7 base

compat-gcc-44-c++.x86_64 4.4.7-8.el7 base

compat-gcc-44-gfortran.x86_64 4.4.7-8.el7 base

gcc-c++.x86_64 4.8.5-44.el7 base

gcc-gfortran.x86_64 4.8.5-44.el7 base

gcc-gnat.x86_64 4.8.5-44.el7 base

gcc-go.x86_64 4.8.5-44.el7 base

gcc-objc.x86_64 4.8.5-44.el7 base

gcc-objc++.x86_64 4.8.5-44.el7 base

gcc-plugin-devel.x86_64 4.8.5-44.el7 base

libgcc.i686 4.8.5-44.el7 base

relaxngcc.noarch 1.12-6.el7 base

relaxngcc-javadoc.noarch 1.12-6.el7 base

インストールしてみる。

[vagrant@localhost rails_test]$ sudo yum install gcc-c++
読み込んだプラグイン:fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: ftp.jaist.ac.jp
* extras: ftp.jaist.ac.jp
* updates: ftp.jaist.ac.jp
依存性の解決をしています
.....
インストール:
  gcc-c++.x86_64 0:4.8.5-44.el7

依存性関連をインストールしました:
  libstdc++-devel.x86_64 0:4.8.5-44.el7

依存性を更新しました:
  libstdc++.x86_64 0:4.8.5-44.el7

完了しました!

[vagrant@localhost rails_test]$ sudo yum install gcc-c++

読み込んだプラグイン:fastestmirror

Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile

* base: ftp.jaist.ac.jp

* extras: ftp.jaist.ac.jp

* updates: ftp.jaist.ac.jp

依存性の解決をしています

.....

インストール:

gcc-c++.x86_64 0:4.8.5-44.el7

依存性関連をインストールしました:

libstdc++-devel.x86_64 0:4.8.5-44.el7

依存性を更新しました:

libstdc++.x86_64 0:4.8.5-44.el7

完了しました!

sasscのインストール成功

gcc-c++をインストールしてみると、無事sasscがインストールできた。

[vagrant@localhost rails_test]$ gem install sassc
Building native extensions. This could take a while...
Successfully installed sassc-2.4.0
Parsing documentation for sassc-2.4.0
Installing ri documentation for sassc-2.4.0
Done installing documentation for sassc after 0 seconds
1 gem installed

[vagrant@localhost rails_test]$ gem install sassc

Building native extensions. This could take a while...

Successfully installed sassc-2.4.0

Parsing documentation for sassc-2.4.0

Installing ri documentation for sassc-2.4.0

Done installing documentation for sassc after 0 seconds

1 gem installed

エラー2～アプリ生成時～sqlite3

sqlite3エラー

再度アプリケーションを生成すると、まだsqlite3に関するエラーが残っている。使いたいのはmysql。

[vagrant@localhost app]$ rails new rails_test
      create
      create  README.md
      create  Rakefile
      create  .ruby-version
      create  config.ru
.....
checking for sqlite3.h... no
sqlite3.h is missing. Try 'brew install sqlite3',
'yum install sqlite-devel' or 'apt-get install libsqlite3-dev'
and check your shared library search path (the
location where your sqlite3 shared library is located).
*** extconf.rb failed ***
Could not create Makefile due to some reason, probably lack of necessary
libraries and/or headers.  Check the mkmf.log file for more details.  You may
need configuration options.
.....

Provided configuration options:
        --with-opt-dir
        --without-opt-dir
.....

        --with-sqlite3-lib
        --without-sqlite3-lib=${sqlite3-dir}/lib

To see why this extension failed to compile, please check the mkmf.log which can
be found here:

/home/vagrant/.rbenv/versions/3.0.0/lib/ruby/gems/3.0.0/extensions/x86_64-linux/3.0.0/sqlite3-1.4.2/mkmf.log

extconf failed, exit code 1

Gem files will remain installed in
/home/vagrant/.rbenv/versions/3.0.0/lib/ruby/gems/3.0.0/gems/sqlite3-1.4.2 for
inspection.
Results logged to
/home/vagrant/.rbenv/versions/3.0.0/lib/ruby/gems/3.0.0/extensions/x86_64-linux/3.0.0/sqlite3-1.4.2/gem_make.out

An error occurred while installing sqlite3 (1.4.2), and Bundler cannot
continue.
Make sure that `gem install sqlite3 -v '1.4.2' --source 'https://rubygems.org/'`
succeeds before bundling.

In Gemfile:
  sqlite3
         run  bundle binstubs bundler
Could not find gem 'sqlite3 (~> 1.4)' in any of the gem sources listed in your
Gemfile.
       rails  webpacker:install
Could not find gem 'sqlite3 (~> 1.4)' in any of the gem sources listed in your Gemfile.
Run `bundle install` to install missing gems.

[vagrant@localhost app]$ rails new rails_test

create

create README.md

create Rakefile

create .ruby-version

create config.ru

.....

checking for sqlite3.h... no

sqlite3.h is missing. Try 'brew install sqlite3',

'yum install sqlite-devel' or 'apt-get install libsqlite3-dev'

and check your shared library search path (the

location where your sqlite3 shared library is located).

*** extconf.rb failed ***

Could not create Makefile due to some reason, probably lack of necessary

libraries and/or headers. Check the mkmf.log file for more details. You may

need configuration options.

.....

Provided configuration options:

--with-opt-dir

--without-opt-dir

.....

--with-sqlite3-lib

--without-sqlite3-lib=${sqlite3-dir}/lib

To see why this extension failed to compile, please check the mkmf.log which can

be found here:

/home/vagrant/.rbenv/versions/3.0.0/lib/ruby/gems/3.0.0/extensions/x86_64-linux/3.0.0/sqlite3-1.4.2/mkmf.log

extconf failed, exit code 1

Gem files will remain installed in

/home/vagrant/.rbenv/versions/3.0.0/lib/ruby/gems/3.0.0/gems/sqlite3-1.4.2 for

inspection.

Results logged to

/home/vagrant/.rbenv/versions/3.0.0/lib/ruby/gems/3.0.0/extensions/x86_64-linux/3.0.0/sqlite3-1.4.2/gem_make.out

An error occurred while installing sqlite3 (1.4.2), and Bundler cannot

continue.

Make sure that `gem install sqlite3 -v '1.4.2' --source 'https://rubygems.org/'`

succeeds before bundling.

In Gemfile:

sqlite3

run bundle binstubs bundler

Could not find gem 'sqlite3 (~> 1.4)' in any of the gem sources listed in your

Gemfile.

rails webpacker:install

Could not find gem 'sqlite3 (~> 1.4)' in any of the gem sources listed in your Gemfile.

Run `bundle install` to install missing gems.

mysql-develのインストール

mysqlを使いたいので、mysql-develの存在を確認。

yum list | grep mysql-devl

存在しない場合はインストール。

[vagrant@localhost app]$ sudo yum install mysql-devel
読み込んだプラグイン:fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: ftp.jaist.ac.jp
* extras: ftp.jaist.ac.jp
* updates: ftp.jaist.ac.jp
依存性の解決をしています
.....
  インストール中          : mysql-community-devel-8.0.23-1.el7.x86_64       1/1
  検証中                  : mysql-community-devel-8.0.23-1.el7.x86_64       1/1

インストール:
  mysql-community-devel.x86_64 0:8.0.23-1.el7

完了しました!

[vagrant@localhost app]$ sudo yum install mysql-devel

読み込んだプラグイン:fastestmirror

Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile

* base: ftp.jaist.ac.jp

* extras: ftp.jaist.ac.jp

* updates: ftp.jaist.ac.jp

依存性の解決をしています

.....

インストール中 : mysql-community-devel-8.0.23-1.el7.x86_64 1/1

検証中 : mysql-community-devel-8.0.23-1.el7.x86_64 1/1

インストール:

mysql-community-devel.x86_64 0:8.0.23-1.el7

完了しました!

Node.jsがないというエラー

生成時にエラーが発生したアプリケーションをいったん削除し、データベースにmysqlを指定してアプリケーションを生成。

[vagrant@localhost app]$ rm -rf rails_test/
[vagrant@localhost app]$ rails new rails_test -d mysql
      create
      create  README.md
      create  Rakefile
      create  .ruby-version
.....
Fetching webpacker 5.2.1
Installing webpacker 5.2.1
Bundle complete! 17 Gemfile dependencies, 74 gems now installed.
Use `bundle info [gemname]` to see where a bundled gem is installed.
         run  bundle binstubs bundler
       rails  webpacker:install
sh: node: コマンドが見つかりません
sh: nodejs: コマンドが見つかりません
Node.js not installed. Please download and install Node.js https://nodejs.org/en/download/
Exiting!

[vagrant@localhost app]$ rm -rf rails_test/

[vagrant@localhost app]$ rails new rails_test -d mysql

create

create README.md

create Rakefile

create .ruby-version

.....

Fetching webpacker 5.2.1

Installing webpacker 5.2.1

Bundle complete! 17 Gemfile dependencies, 74 gems now installed.

Use `bundle info [gemname]` to see where a bundled gem is installed.

run bundle binstubs bundler

rails webpacker:install

sh: node: コマンドが見つかりません

sh: nodejs: コマンドが見つかりません

Node.js not installed. Please download and install Node.js https://nodejs.org/en/download/

Exiting!

railsサーバー起動でもエラー

webpackerエラー

ここでいったんrails sでサーバーを起動すると、webpackerの設定ファイルがないというエラー。

[vagrant@localhost rails_test]$ rails s
=> Booting Puma
=> Rails 6.1.3 application starting in development
=> Run `bin/rails server --help` for more startup options
Exiting
/home/vagrant/.rbenv/versions/3.0.0/lib/ruby/gems/3.0.0/gems/webpacker-5.2.1/lib/webpacker/configuration.rb:99:in `rescue in load': Webpacker configuration file not found /home/vagrant/app/rails_test/config/webpacker.yml. Please run rails webpacker:install Error: No such file or directory @ rb_sysopen - /home/vagrant/app/rails_test/config/webpacker.yml (RuntimeError)
.....
        from <internal:kernel>:90:in `tap'
        from /home/vagrant/app/rails_test/bin/spring:7:in `<top (required)>'
        from bin/rails:2:in `load'
        from bin/rails:2:in `<main>'

[vagrant@localhost rails_test]$ rails s

=> Booting Puma

=> Rails 6.1.3 application starting in development

=> Run `bin/rails server --help` for more startup options

Exiting

/home/vagrant/.rbenv/versions/3.0.0/lib/ruby/gems/3.0.0/gems/webpacker-5.2.1/lib/webpacker/configuration.rb:99:in `rescue in load': Webpacker configuration file not found /home/vagrant/app/rails_test/config/webpacker.yml. Please run rails webpacker:install Error: No such file or directory @ rb_sysopen - /home/vagrant/app/rails_test/config/webpacker.yml (RuntimeError)

.....

from <internal:kernel>:90:in `tap'

from /home/vagrant/app/rails_test/bin/spring:7:in `<top (required)>'

from bin/rails:2:in `load'

from bin/rails:2:in `<main>'

webpackerインストールエラー

webpackerインストール時の”Please run rails webpacker:install”に従ってインストールしようとすると、ここでも”Node.jsがない”というエラーが出てサーバーが起動しない。

[vagrant@localhost rails_test]$ rails webpacker:install
sh: node: コマンドが見つかりません
sh: nodejs: コマンドが見つかりません
Node.js not installed. Please download and install Node.js https://nodejs.org/en/download/
Exiting!

[vagrant@localhost rails_test]$ rails webpacker:install

sh: node: コマンドが見つかりません

sh: nodejs: コマンドが見つかりません

Node.js not installed. Please download and install Node.js https://nodejs.org/en/download/

Exiting!

Node.jsのインストール

アプリケーション生成時、Railsサーバー実行時に共通してNode.jsに関するエラーが出ているので、Node.jsをインストール。

当初、最新版のv15.10.0をインストールした。

[vagrant@localhost rails_test]$ nvm install stable
Downloading and installing node v15.10.0...
Downloading https://nodejs.org/dist/v15.10.0/node-v15.10.0-linux-x64.tar.xz...
######################################################################## 100.0%
Computing checksum with sha256sum
Checksums matched!
Now using node v15.10.0 (npm v7.5.3)
Creating default alias: default -> stable (-> v15.10.0)
[vagrant@localhost rails_test]$ node -v
v15.10.0

[vagrant@localhost rails_test]$ nvm install stable

Downloading and installing node v15.10.0...

Downloading https://nodejs.org/dist/v15.10.0/node-v15.10.0-linux-x64.tar.xz...

######################################################################## 100.0%

Computing checksum with sha256sum

Checksums matched!

Now using node v15.10.0 (npm v7.5.3)

Creating default alias: default -> stable (-> v15.10.0)

[vagrant@localhost rails_test]$ node -v

v15.10.0

再度webpackerインストールでエラー

再度webpackerをインストールしようとすると、Node.jsの警告とYarnに関するエラーが出てストップ。

[vagrant@localhost rails_test]$ rails webpacker:install
Warning: you are using an unstable release of Node.js (v15.10.0). If you encounter issues with Node.js, consider switching to an Active LTS release. More info: https://docs.npmjs.com/try-the-latest-stable-version-of-node
Yarn not installed. Please download and install Yarn from https://yarnpkg.com/lang/en/docs/install/
Exiting!

[vagrant@localhost rails_test]$ rails webpacker:install

Warning: you are using an unstable release of Node.js (v15.10.0). If you encounter issues with Node.js, consider switching to an Active LTS release. More info: https://docs.npmjs.com/try-the-latest-stable-version-of-node

Yarn not installed. Please download and install Yarn from https://yarnpkg.com/lang/en/docs/install/

Exiting!

Node.jsのダウングレード

Node.jsの警告も気持ち悪いので、ダウングレード。

[vagrant@localhost rails_test]$ nvm install 14.16.0
Downloading and installing node v14.16.0...
Downloading https://nodejs.org/dist/v14.16.0/node-v14.16.0-linux-x64.tar.xz...
######################################################################## 100.0%
Computing checksum with sha256sum
Checksums matched!
Now using node v14.16.0 (npm v6.14.11)
[vagrant@localhost rails_test]$ nvm use 14.16.0
Now using node v14.16.0 (npm v6.14.11)
[vagrant@localhost rails_test]$ node -v
v14.16.0

[vagrant@localhost rails_test]$ nvm install 14.16.0

Downloading and installing node v14.16.0...

Downloading https://nodejs.org/dist/v14.16.0/node-v14.16.0-linux-x64.tar.xz...

######################################################################## 100.0%

Computing checksum with sha256sum

Checksums matched!

Now using node v14.16.0 (npm v6.14.11)

[vagrant@localhost rails_test]$ nvm use 14.16.0

Now using node v14.16.0 (npm v6.14.11)

[vagrant@localhost rails_test]$ node -v

v14.16.0

ダウングレードしたNode.jsを使用。

[vagrant@localhost ~]$ nvm use 14.16.0
Now using node v14.16.0 (npm v6.14.11)

1 2	[vagrant@localhost ~]$ nvm use 14.16.0 Now using node v14.16.0 (npm v6.14.11)

ここで再度webpackerをインストールしようとすると、まだ”Yarnがインストールされていない”というエラーが残っている。

[vagrant@localhost rails_test]$ rails webpacker:install
Yarn not installed. Please download and install Yarn from https://yarnpkg.com/lang/en/docs/install/
Exiting!

[vagrant@localhost rails_test]$ rails webpacker:install

Yarn not installed. Please download and install Yarn from https://yarnpkg.com/lang/en/docs/install/

Exiting!

Yarnのインストール

npmでYarnをインストールする。

参考：Yarn公式サイト

[vagrant@localhost rails_test]$ npm install --global yarn

> yarn@1.22.10 preinstall /home/vagrant/.nvm/versions/node/v14.16.0/lib/node_modules/yarn
> :; (node ./preinstall.js > /dev/null 2>&1 || true)

/home/vagrant/.nvm/versions/node/v14.16.0/bin/yarn -> /home/vagrant/.nvm/versions/node/v14.16.0/lib/node_modules/yarn/bin/yarn.js
/home/vagrant/.nvm/versions/node/v14.16.0/bin/yarnpkg -> /home/vagrant/.nvm/versions/node/v14.16.0/lib/node_modules/yarn/bin/yarn.js
+ yarn@1.22.10
added 1 package in 6.684s

[vagrant@localhost rails_test]$ npm install --global yarn

> yarn@1.22.10 preinstall /home/vagrant/.nvm/versions/node/v14.16.0/lib/node_modules/yarn

> :; (node ./preinstall.js > /dev/null 2>&1 || true)

/home/vagrant/.nvm/versions/node/v14.16.0/bin/yarn -> /home/vagrant/.nvm/versions/node/v14.16.0/lib/node_modules/yarn/bin/yarn.js

/home/vagrant/.nvm/versions/node/v14.16.0/bin/yarnpkg -> /home/vagrant/.nvm/versions/node/v14.16.0/lib/node_modules/yarn/bin/yarn.js

+ yarn@1.22.10

added 1 package in 6.684s

webpackerインストール

Node.jsとYarnがそろったので、webpackerがインストールできた。

[vagrant@localhost rails_test]$ rails webpacker:install
      create  config/webpacker.yml
Copying webpack core config
      create  config/webpack
      create  config/webpack/development.js
      create  config/webpack/environment.js
      create  config/webpack/production.js
      create  config/webpack/test.js
.....
├─ webpack-dev-middleware@3.7.3
├─ webpack-dev-server@3.11.2
├─ websocket-driver@0.7.4
├─ websocket-extensions@0.1.4
└─ ws@6.2.1
Done in 25.66s.
Webpacker successfully installed 🎉 🍰

[vagrant@localhost rails_test]$ rails webpacker:install

create config/webpacker.yml

Copying webpack core config

create config/webpack

create config/webpack/development.js

create config/webpack/environment.js

create config/webpack/production.js

create config/webpack/test.js

.....

├─ webpack-dev-middleware@3.7.3

├─ webpack-dev-server@3.11.2

├─ websocket-driver@0.7.4

├─ websocket-extensions@0.1.4

└─ ws@6.2.1

Done in 25.66s.

Webpacker successfully installed 🎉 🍰

Railsサーバー起動・接続

vagrantfile設定

vagrantfileには以下の1行を設定している。

  config.vm.network "forwarded_port", guest: 3000, host: 3000

1	config.vm.network "forwarded_port", guest: 3000, host: 3000

サーバー起動・接続

ここでrails sでサーバーを起動するが、ブラウザーがつながらない。

参考サイト(Rails4.2：Vagrant上の仮想マシンで起動したRailsにホストのブラウザからアクセス出来ない)のおかげで、Railsサーバーを以下で立ち上げるとよいことが分かった。

rails s -b 0.0.0.0

1	rails s -b 0.0.0.0

この状態で、ホストのブラウザーからlocalhost:3000でつながった。

アプリケーション生成～成功

ここで再度アプリケーションを生成して成功。

[vagrant@localhost app]$ rails new rails_test -d mysql
      create
      create  README.md
      create  Rakefile
.....
├─ websocket-driver@0.7.4
├─ websocket-extensions@0.1.4
└─ ws@6.2.1
Done in 4.98s.
Webpacker successfully installed 🎉 🍰
[vagrant@localhost app]$ ls
rails_test

[vagrant@localhost app]$ rails new rails_test -d mysql

create

create README.md

create Rakefile

.....

├─ websocket-driver@0.7.4

├─ websocket-extensions@0.1.4

└─ ws@6.2.1

Done in 4.98s.

Webpacker successfully installed 🎉 🍰

[vagrant@localhost app]$ ls

rails_test

viなどでdatabase.ymlを修正。

# MySQL. Versions 5.5.8 and up are supported.
#
# Install the MySQL driver
#   gem install mysql2
#
# Ensure the MySQL gem is defined in your Gemfile
#   gem 'mysql2'
#
# And be sure to use new-style password hashing:
#   https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/password-hashing.html
#
default: &default
  adapter: mysql2
  encoding: utf8mb4
  pool: <%= ENV.fetch("RAILS_MAX_THREADS") { 5 } %>
  username: root
  password: パスワードを指定
  socket: /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

development:
  <<: *default
  database: デフォルトのDB名を削除

# Warning: The database defined as "test" will be erased and
# re-generated from your development database when you run "rake".
# Do not set this db to the same as development or production.
test:
  <<: *default
  database: デフォルトのDB名を削除

# As with config/credentials.yml, you never want to store sensitive information,
# like your database password, in your source code. If your source code is
# ever seen by anyone, they now have access to your database.
#
# Instead, provide the password or a full connection URL as an environment
# variable when you boot the app. For example:
#
#   DATABASE_URL="mysql2://myuser:mypass@localhost/somedatabase"
#
# If the connection URL is provided in the special DATABASE_URL environment
# variable, Rails will automatically merge its configuration values on top of
# the values provided in this file. Alternatively, you can specify a connection
# URL environment variable explicitly:
#
#   production:
#     url: <%= ENV['MY_APP_DATABASE_URL'] %>
#
# Read https://guides.rubyonrails.org/configuring.html#configuring-a-database
# for a full overview on how database connection configuration can be specified.
#
production:
  <<: *default
  database: デフォルト指定されていればDB名を削除
↓以下コメントアウト
#  username: rails_test
#  password: <%= ENV['RAILS_TEST_DATABASE_PASSWORD'] %>

# MySQL. Versions 5.5.8 and up are supported.

# Install the MySQL driver

# gem install mysql2

# Ensure the MySQL gem is defined in your Gemfile

# gem 'mysql2'

# And be sure to use new-style password hashing:

# https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/password-hashing.html

default: &default

adapter: mysql2

encoding: utf8mb4

pool: <%= ENV.fetch("RAILS_MAX_THREADS") { 5 } %>

username: root

password: パスワードを指定

socket: /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

development:

<<: *default

database: デフォルトのDB名を削除

# Warning: The database defined as "test" will be erased and

# re-generated from your development database when you run "rake".

# Do not set this db to the same as development or production.

test:

<<: *default

database: デフォルトのDB名を削除

# As with config/credentials.yml, you never want to store sensitive information,

# like your database password, in your source code. If your source code is

# ever seen by anyone, they now have access to your database.

# Instead, provide the password or a full connection URL as an environment

# variable when you boot the app. For example:

# DATABASE_URL="mysql2://myuser:mypass@localhost/somedatabase"

# If the connection URL is provided in the special DATABASE_URL environment

# variable, Rails will automatically merge its configuration values on top of

# the values provided in this file. Alternatively, you can specify a connection

# URL environment variable explicitly:

# production:

# url: <%= ENV['MY_APP_DATABASE_URL'] %>

# Read https://guides.rubyonrails.org/configuring.html#configuring-a-database

# for a full overview on how database connection configuration can be specified.

production:

<<: *default

database: デフォルト指定されていればDB名を削除

↓以下コメントアウト

# username: rails_test

# password: <%= ENV['RAILS_TEST_DATABASE_PASSWORD'] %>

Railsサーバー起動。

[vagrant@localhost config]$ rails s -b 0.0.0.0

1	[vagrant@localhost config]$ rails s -b 0.0.0.0

ホストのブラウザーからlocalhost:3000で接続。