Linux – Laravelインストール

2021-06-26 / tau / コメントする

Composerのインストール

Laravelのインストール

Composerを使ってインストールする。

以下の例はグローバルインストールの例だが、最初は以下のようなメッセージが大量に表示された。

[vagrant@localhost ~]$ composer global require "laravel/installer"
Changed current directory to /home/vagrant/.config/composer
Using version ^4.2 for laravel/installer
./composer.json has been created
Running composer update laravel/installer
Loading composer repositories with package information
Updating dependencies
Lock file operations: 13 installs, 0 updates, 0 removals
  - Locking laravel/installer (v4.2.7)
  - Locking psr/container (1.1.1)
  - Locking symfony/console (v5.3.2)
  - Locking symfony/deprecation-contracts (v2.4.0)
  - Locking symfony/polyfill-ctype (v1.23.0)
  - Locking symfony/polyfill-intl-grapheme (v1.23.0)
  - Locking symfony/polyfill-intl-normalizer (v1.23.0)
  - Locking symfony/polyfill-mbstring (v1.23.0)
  - Locking symfony/polyfill-php73 (v1.23.0)
  - Locking symfony/polyfill-php80 (v1.23.0)
  - Locking symfony/process (v5.3.2)
  - Locking symfony/service-contracts (v2.4.0)
  - Locking symfony/string (v5.3.2)
Writing lock file
Installing dependencies from lock file (including require-dev)
Package operations: 13 installs, 0 updates, 0 removals
    Failed to download symfony/polyfill-php80 from dist: The zip extension and unzip/7z commands are both missing, skipping.
Your command-line PHP is using multiple ini files. Run `php --ini` to show them.
    Now trying to download from source
    Failed to download symfony/process from dist: The zip extension and unzip/7z commands are both missing, skipping.
Your command-line PHP is using multiple ini files. Run `php --ini` to show them.
    Now trying to download from source
    Failed to download symfony/polyfill-mbstring from dist: The zip extension and unzip/7z commands are both missing, skipping.
Your command-line PHP is using multiple ini files. Run `php --ini` to show them.
    Now trying to download from source
    Failed to download symfony/polyfill-intl-normalizer from dist: The zip extension and unzip/7z commands are both missing, skipping.
.....
    Now trying to download from source
  - Installing symfony/polyfill-php80 (v1.23.0): Cloning eca0bf41ed
  - Installing symfony/process (v5.3.2): Cloning 714b47f919
  - Installing symfony/polyfill-mbstring (v1.23.0): Cloning 2df51500ad
  - Installing symfony/polyfill-intl-normalizer (v1.23.0): Cloning 8590a5f561
  - Installing symfony/polyfill-intl-grapheme (v1.23.0): Cloning 24b72c6baa
  - Installing symfony/polyfill-ctype (v1.23.0): Cloning 46cd95797e
  - Installing symfony/string (v5.3.2): Cloning 0732e97e41
  - Installing psr/container (1.1.1): Cloning 8622567409
  - Installing symfony/service-contracts (v2.4.0): Cloning f040a30e04
  - Installing symfony/polyfill-php73 (v1.23.0): Cloning fba8933c38
  - Installing symfony/deprecation-contracts (v2.4.0): Cloning 5f38c8804a
  - Installing symfony/console (v5.3.2): Cloning 6497304838
  - Installing laravel/installer (v4.2.7): Cloning 81a82f0580
4 package suggestions were added by new dependencies, use `composer suggest` to see details.
Generating autoload files
11 packages you are using are looking for funding.
Use the `composer fund` command to find out more!

[vagrant@localhost ~]$ composer global require "laravel/installer"

Changed current directory to /home/vagrant/.config/composer

Using version ^4.2 for laravel/installer

./composer.json has been created

Running composer update laravel/installer

Loading composer repositories with package information

Updating dependencies

Lock file operations: 13 installs, 0 updates, 0 removals

- Locking laravel/installer (v4.2.7)

- Locking psr/container (1.1.1)

- Locking symfony/console (v5.3.2)

- Locking symfony/deprecation-contracts (v2.4.0)

- Locking symfony/polyfill-ctype (v1.23.0)

- Locking symfony/polyfill-intl-grapheme (v1.23.0)

- Locking symfony/polyfill-intl-normalizer (v1.23.0)

- Locking symfony/polyfill-mbstring (v1.23.0)

- Locking symfony/polyfill-php73 (v1.23.0)

- Locking symfony/polyfill-php80 (v1.23.0)

- Locking symfony/process (v5.3.2)

- Locking symfony/service-contracts (v2.4.0)

- Locking symfony/string (v5.3.2)

Writing lock file

Installing dependencies from lock file (including require-dev)

Package operations: 13 installs, 0 updates, 0 removals

Failed to download symfony/polyfill-php80 from dist: The zip extension and unzip/7z commands are both missing, skipping.

Your command-line PHP is using multiple ini files. Run `php --ini` to show them.

Now trying to download from source

Failed to download symfony/process from dist: The zip extension and unzip/7z commands are both missing, skipping.

Your command-line PHP is using multiple ini files. Run `php --ini` to show them.

Now trying to download from source

Failed to download symfony/polyfill-mbstring from dist: The zip extension and unzip/7z commands are both missing, skipping.

Your command-line PHP is using multiple ini files. Run `php --ini` to show them.

Now trying to download from source

Failed to download symfony/polyfill-intl-normalizer from dist: The zip extension and unzip/7z commands are both missing, skipping.

.....

Now trying to download from source

- Installing symfony/polyfill-php80 (v1.23.0): Cloning eca0bf41ed

- Installing symfony/process (v5.3.2): Cloning 714b47f919

- Installing symfony/polyfill-mbstring (v1.23.0): Cloning 2df51500ad

- Installing symfony/polyfill-intl-normalizer (v1.23.0): Cloning 8590a5f561

- Installing symfony/polyfill-intl-grapheme (v1.23.0): Cloning 24b72c6baa

- Installing symfony/polyfill-ctype (v1.23.0): Cloning 46cd95797e

- Installing symfony/string (v5.3.2): Cloning 0732e97e41

- Installing psr/container (1.1.1): Cloning 8622567409

- Installing symfony/service-contracts (v2.4.0): Cloning f040a30e04

- Installing symfony/polyfill-php73 (v1.23.0): Cloning fba8933c38

- Installing symfony/deprecation-contracts (v2.4.0): Cloning 5f38c8804a

- Installing symfony/console (v5.3.2): Cloning 6497304838

- Installing laravel/installer (v4.2.7): Cloning 81a82f0580

4 package suggestions were added by new dependencies, use `composer suggest` to see details.

Generating autoload files

11 packages you are using are looking for funding.

Use the `composer fund` command to find out more!

zipとunzipが必要

zipとunzipのパッケージをインストールしていなかったので、改めてインストール。

[vagrant@localhost ~]$ sudo yum install zip unzip
.....
インストール:
  unzip.x86_64 0:6.0-22.el7_9                                  zip.x86_64 0:3.0-11.el7

完了しました!

[vagrant@localhost ~]$ sudo yum install zip unzip

.....

インストール:

unzip.x86_64 0:6.0-22.el7_9 zip.x86_64 0:3.0-11.el7

完了しました!

一応はうまくインストールしてくれていた模様。

[vagrant@localhost laravel]$ composer global require "laravel/installer"
Changed current directory to /home/vagrant/.config/composer
Using version ^4.2 for laravel/installer
./composer.json has been updated
Running composer update laravel/installer
Loading composer repositories with package information
Updating dependencies
Nothing to modify in lock file
Installing dependencies from lock file (including require-dev)
Nothing to install, update or remove
Generating autoload files
11 packages you are using are looking for funding.
Use the `composer fund` command to find out more!

[vagrant@localhost laravel]$ composer global require "laravel/installer"

Changed current directory to /home/vagrant/.config/composer

Using version ^4.2 for laravel/installer

./composer.json has been updated

Running composer update laravel/installer

Loading composer repositories with package information

Updating dependencies

Nothing to modify in lock file

Installing dependencies from lock file (including require-dev)

Nothing to install, update or remove

Generating autoload files

11 packages you are using are looking for funding.

Use the `composer fund` command to find out more!

Laravel – プロジェクトの開始

2021-06-26 / tau / コメントする

プロジェクトの生成

composer create-project laravel/laravel laravel_test --prefer-dist 6.*

--prefer-distオプションはライブラリーの安定バージョンを指定。

[vagrant@localhost laravel]$ composer create-project laravel/laravel laravel_test --prefer-dist 6.*
Creating a "laravel/laravel" project at "./laravel_test"
Installing laravel/laravel (v6.20.1)
  - Installing laravel/laravel (v6.20.1): Extracting archive
Created project in /home/vagrant/app/laravel/laravel_test
> @php -r "file_exists('.env') || copy('.env.example', '.env');"
Loading composer repositories with package information
Updating dependencies
Lock file operations: 93 installs, 0 updates, 0 removals
  - Locking doctrine/inflector (2.0.3)
  - Locking doctrine/instantiator (1.4.0)
.....
70 package suggestions were added by new dependencies, use `composer suggest` to see details.
Generating optimized autoload files
> Illuminate\Foundation\ComposerScripts::postAutoloadDump
> @php artisan package:discover --ansi
Discovered Package: facade/ignition
Discovered Package: fideloper/proxy
Discovered Package: laravel/tinker
Discovered Package: nesbot/carbon
Discovered Package: nunomaduro/collision
Package manifest generated successfully.
67 packages you are using are looking for funding.
Use the `composer fund` command to find out more!
> @php artisan key:generate --ansi
Application key set successfully.

[vagrant@localhost laravel]$ composer create-project laravel/laravel laravel_test --prefer-dist 6.*

Creating a "laravel/laravel" project at "./laravel_test"

Installing laravel/laravel (v6.20.1)

- Installing laravel/laravel (v6.20.1): Extracting archive

Created project in /home/vagrant/app/laravel/laravel_test

> @php -r "file_exists('.env') || copy('.env.example', '.env');"

Loading composer repositories with package information

Updating dependencies

Lock file operations: 93 installs, 0 updates, 0 removals

- Locking doctrine/inflector (2.0.3)

- Locking doctrine/instantiator (1.4.0)

.....

70 package suggestions were added by new dependencies, use `composer suggest` to see details.

Generating optimized autoload files

> Illuminate\Foundation\ComposerScripts::postAutoloadDump

> @php artisan package:discover --ansi

Discovered Package: facade/ignition

Discovered Package: fideloper/proxy

Discovered Package: laravel/tinker

Discovered Package: nesbot/carbon

Discovered Package: nunomaduro/collision

Package manifest generated successfully.

67 packages you are using are looking for funding.

Use the `composer fund` command to find out more!

> @php artisan key:generate --ansi

Application key set successfully.

コマンドを実行したディレクトリー下にプロジェクトディレクトリーが作成され、必要なディレクトリーとファイルが配置される。

タイムゾーンとロケール

config/app.phpの以下を変更する。

timezoneをUTCからAsia/Tokyoに
localeをenからjaに

    /*
    |--------------------------------------------------------------------------
    | Application Timezone
    |--------------------------------------------------------------------------
    |
    | Here you may specify the default timezone for your application, which
    | will be used by the PHP date and date-time functions. We have gone
    | ahead and set this to a sensible default for you out of the box.
    |
    */

    'timezone' => 'Asia/Tokyo',

    /*
    |--------------------------------------------------------------------------
    | Application Locale Configuration
    |--------------------------------------------------------------------------
    |
    | The application locale determines the default locale that will be used
    | by the translation service provider. You are free to set this value
    | to any of the locales which will be supported by the application.
    |
    */

    'locale' => 'ja',

|--------------------------------------------------------------------------

| Application Timezone

|--------------------------------------------------------------------------

| Here you may specify the default timezone for your application, which

| will be used by the PHP date and date-time functions. We have gone

| ahead and set this to a sensible default for you out of the box.

'timezone' => 'Asia/Tokyo',

|--------------------------------------------------------------------------

| Application Locale Configuration

|--------------------------------------------------------------------------

| The application locale determines the default locale that will be used

| by the translation service provider. You are free to set this value

| to any of the locales which will be supported by the application.

'locale' => 'ja',

データベースの設定

.envファイル設定

.envファイルを修正し、DBMSやDB名などのパラメーターを設定する。

.....

DB_CONNECTION=mysql
DB_HOST=127.0.0.1
DB_PORT=3306
DB_DATABASE=データベース名
DB_USERNAME=root
DB_PASSWORD=パスワード

.....

.....

DB_CONNECTION=mysql

DB_HOST=127.0.0.1

DB_PORT=3306

DB_DATABASE=データベース名

DB_USERNAME=root

DB_PASSWORD=パスワード

.....

データベース作成

まずmysqlにログイン。

[vagrant@localhost laravel_tutorial]$ mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
.....

[vagrant@localhost laravel_tutorial]$ mysql -u root -p

Enter password:

Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.

.....

CREATE DATABASEで.envで設定したデータベースを作成。

mysql> CREATE DATABASE laravel_tutorial_development;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)

1 2	mysql> CREATE DATABASE laravel_tutorial_development; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)

データベースが作成されているか確認。

mysql> SHOW DATABASES;
+----------------------------------+
| Database                         |
+----------------------------------+
.....
| laravel_tutorial_development     |
| mysql                            |
| performance_schema               |
.....
+----------------------------------+
9 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> SHOW DATABASES;

+----------------------------------+

| Database |

+----------------------------------+

.....

| laravel_tutorial_development |

| mysql |

| performance_schema |

.....

+----------------------------------+

9 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysqlから出て、アプリケーションディレクトリー下でマイグレーションを実行。”Migration table created successfully.”を確認。

[vagrant@localhost laravel_tutorial]$ php artisan migrate
Migration table created successfully.
Migrating: 2014_10_12_000000_create_users_table
Migrated:  2014_10_12_000000_create_users_table (0.02 seconds)
Migrating: 2014_10_12_100000_create_password_resets_table
Migrated:  2014_10_12_100000_create_password_resets_table (0.01 seconds)
Migrating: 2019_08_19_000000_create_failed_jobs_table
Migrated:  2019_08_19_000000_create_failed_jobs_table (0.01 seconds)

[vagrant@localhost laravel_tutorial]$ php artisan migrate

Migration table created successfully.

Migrating: 2014_10_12_000000_create_users_table

Migrated: 2014_10_12_000000_create_users_table (0.02 seconds)

Migrating: 2014_10_12_100000_create_password_resets_table

Migrated: 2014_10_12_100000_create_password_resets_table (0.01 seconds)

Migrating: 2019_08_19_000000_create_failed_jobs_table

Migrated: 2019_08_19_000000_create_failed_jobs_table (0.01 seconds)

mysqlでマイグレーションの結果生成されたテーブルを確認できる。

mysql> USE laravel_tutorial_development
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed
mysql> SHOW TABLES;
+----------------------------------------+
| Tables_in_laravel_tutorial_development |
+----------------------------------------+
| failed_jobs                            |
| migrations                             |
| password_resets                        |
| users                                  |
+----------------------------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> USE laravel_tutorial_development

Reading table information for completion of table and column names

You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed

mysql> SHOW TABLES;

+----------------------------------------+

| Tables_in_laravel_tutorial_development |

+----------------------------------------+

| failed_jobs |

| migrations |

| password_resets |

| users |

+----------------------------------------+

4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

開発用サーバーの起動

普通の場合

以下のように指定して、ブラウザーでlocalhost:8000でアクセス。

[vagrant@localhost laravel_bbs]$ php artisan serve --port=$PORT
Laravel development server started: http://127.0.0.1:8000

1 2	[vagrant@localhost laravel_bbs]$ php artisan serve --port=$PORT Laravel development server started: http://127.0.0.1:8000

Vagrantの場合

Vagrant仮想環境の場合はホストとポート番号を確認して指定する必要がある。

[vagrant@localhost laravel_test]$ php artisan serve --host=10.0.2.15 --port=3000
Laravel development server started: http://10.0.2.15:3000

1 2	[vagrant@localhost laravel_test]$ php artisan serve --host=10.0.2.15 --port=3000 Laravel development server started: http://10.0.2.15:3000

Vagrant – Laravelの開発用サーバー

2021-06-26 / tau / コメントする

VagrantでLaravelのサーバーを稼働させる場合、Vagrantで設定したホストとポートを指定する必要がある。

たとえばポートフォワーディングでポート3000を指定している場合。

  config.vm.network "forwarded_port", guest: 3000, host: 3000

1	config.vm.network "forwarded_port", guest: 3000, host: 3000

ゲスト側のIPアドレスを確認。

[vagrant@localhost laravel_bbs]$ ifconfig
eth0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 10.0.2.15  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 10.0.2.255
        inet6 fe80::10ae:de8c:87bc:71ab  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20<link>
        ether 08:00:27:0e:4e:dd  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 540155  bytes 793024176 (756.2 MiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 59704  bytes 4409001 (4.2 MiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING>  mtu 65536
        inet 127.0.0.1  netmask 255.0.0.0
        inet6 ::1  prefixlen 128  scopeid 0x10<host>
        loop  txqueuelen 1000  (Local Loopback)
        RX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

[vagrant@localhost laravel_bbs]$ ifconfig

eth0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500

inet 10.0.2.15 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 10.0.2.255

inet6 fe80::10ae:de8c:87bc:71ab prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>

ether 08:00:27:0e:4e:dd txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)

RX packets 540155 bytes 793024176 (756.2 MiB)

RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0

TX packets 59704 bytes 4409001 (4.2 MiB)

TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0

lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING> mtu 65536

inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0

inet6 ::1 prefixlen 128 scopeid 0x10<host>

loop txqueuelen 1000 (Local Loopback)

RX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)

RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0

TX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)

TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0

これらのIPアドレスとポート番号を使ってサーバーを起動。

[vagrant@localhost laravel_bbs]$ php artisan serve --host=10.0.2.15 --port=3000
Laravel development server started: http://10.0.2.15:3000

1 2	[vagrant@localhost laravel_bbs]$ php artisan serve --host=10.0.2.15 --port=3000 Laravel development server started: http://10.0.2.15:3000

そしてホスト側のブラウザーからlocalhost:3000でアクセス。

Linux – Composerのインストール

2021-06-26 / tau / コメントする

概要

Vagrant上のCentOS7仮想環境にComposerをグローバルインストールした記録。

PHPを使ってダウンロード、インストールするのでLinuxの種類には依存しない。

手順の確認

実行スクリプト

ComposerのサイトでDownloadの内容を確認。シンプルに進めるなら以下のスクリプトをターミナルで実行するよう書かれている。

php -r "copy('https://getcomposer.org/installer', 'composer-setup.php');"
php -r "if (hash_file('sha384', 'composer-setup.php') === '756890a4488ce9024fc62c56153228907f1545c228516cbf63f885e036d37e9a59d27d63f46af1d4d07ee0f76181c7d3') { echo 'Installer verified'; } else { echo 'Installer corrupt'; unlink('composer-setup.php'); } echo PHP_EOL;"
php composer-setup.php
php -r "unlink('composer-setup.php');"

php -r "copy('https://getcomposer.org/installer', 'composer-setup.php');"

php -r "if (hash_file('sha384', 'composer-setup.php') === '756890a4488ce9024fc62c56153228907f1545c228516cbf63f885e036d37e9a59d27d63f46af1d4d07ee0f76181c7d3') { echo 'Installer verified'; } else { echo 'Installer corrupt'; unlink('composer-setup.php'); } echo PHP_EOL;"

php composer-setup.php

php -r "unlink('composer-setup.php');"

それぞれphpのスクリプトを-rオプションで直接実行している。

1行目はインストールファイルのダウンロード
2行目はファイルの確認
3行目でセットアップ実行
セットアップファイルの削除

オプション

composer-setup.phpを実行するときのオプションに以下が説明されている。

–install-dir: 実行ファイルをインストールするディレクトリーを指定する。; php composer-setup.php --install-dir=bin
–filename: インストールする実行ファイル名を指定する。デフォルトはcomposer.phar; php composer-setup.php --filename=composer

その他に--versionと--helpも説明あり。

グローバルインストール

指定したファイルにローカルインストールする方法もあるが、ここでは/usr/local/binにグローバルインストールする。

[vagrant@localhost ~]$ php -r "copy('https://getcomposer.org/installer', 'composer-setup.php');"
[vagrant@localhost ~]$ php -r "if (hash_file('sha384', 'composer-setup.php') === '756890a4488ce9024fc62c56153228907f1545c228516cbf63f885e036d37e9a59d27d63f46af1d4d07ee0f76181c7d3') { echo 'Installer verified'; } else { echo 'Installer corrupt'; unlink('composer-setup.php'); } echo PHP_EOL;"
Installer verified
[vagrant@localhost ~]$ sudo php composer-setup.php --install-dir=/usr/local/bin --filename=composer
All settings correct for using Composer
Downloading...

Composer (version 2.1.3) successfully installed to: /usr/local/bin/composer
Use it: php /usr/local/bin/composer

[vagrant@localhost ~]$ php -r "unlink('composer-setup.php');"

[vagrant@localhost ~]$ php -r "copy('https://getcomposer.org/installer', 'composer-setup.php');"

[vagrant@localhost ~]$ php -r "if (hash_file('sha384', 'composer-setup.php') === '756890a4488ce9024fc62c56153228907f1545c228516cbf63f885e036d37e9a59d27d63f46af1d4d07ee0f76181c7d3') { echo 'Installer verified'; } else { echo 'Installer corrupt'; unlink('composer-setup.php'); } echo PHP_EOL;"

Installer verified

[vagrant@localhost ~]$ sudo php composer-setup.php --install-dir=/usr/local/bin --filename=composer

All settings correct for using Composer

Downloading...

Composer (version 2.1.3) successfully installed to: /usr/local/bin/composer

Use it: php /usr/local/bin/composer

[vagrant@localhost ~]$ php -r "unlink('composer-setup.php');"

セットアップ実行の際に、/usr/local/binに書き込むためroot権限で実行し、セットアップするディレクトリーとファイル名(composer)を指定している。

プロンプトにcomposerと入力してインストールされたことを確認。

[vagrant@localhost ~]$ composer
   ______
  / ____/___  ____ ___  ____  ____  ________  _____
 / /   / __ \/ __ `__ \/ __ \/ __ \/ ___/ _ \/ ___/
/ /___/ /_/ / / / / / / /_/ / /_/ (__  )  __/ /
\____/\____/_/ /_/ /_/ .___/\____/____/\___/_/
                    /_/
Composer version 2.1.3 2021-06-09 16:31:20

Usage:
  command [options] [arguments]

Options:
  -h, --help                     Display this help message
  -q, --quiet                    Do not output any message
  -V, --version                  Display this application version
      --ansi                     Force ANSI output
      --no-ansi                  Disable ANSI output
  -n, --no-interaction           Do not ask any interactive question
      --profile                  Display timing and memory usage information
      --no-plugins               Whether to disable plugins.
  -d, --working-dir=WORKING-DIR  If specified, use the given directory as working directory.
      --no-cache                 Prevent use of the cache
  -v|vv|vvv, --verbose           Increase the verbosity of messages: 1 for normal output, 2 for more verbose output and 3 for debug

Available commands:
  about                Shows a short information about Composer.
  archive              Creates an archive of this composer package.
  browse               Opens the package's repository URL or homepage in your browser.
  cc                   Clears composer's internal package cache.
  check-platform-reqs  Check that platform requirements are satisfied.
  clear-cache          Clears composer's internal package cache.
  clearcache           Clears composer's internal package cache.
  config               Sets config options.
  create-project       Creates new project from a package into given directory.
  depends              Shows which packages cause the given package to be installed.
  diagnose             Diagnoses the system to identify common errors.
  dump-autoload        Dumps the autoloader.
  dumpautoload         Dumps the autoloader.
  exec                 Executes a vendored binary/script.
  fund                 Discover how to help fund the maintenance of your dependencies.
  global               Allows running commands in the global composer dir ($COMPOSER_HOME).
  help                 Displays help for a command
  home                 Opens the package's repository URL or homepage in your browser.
  i                    Installs the project dependencies from the composer.lock file if present, or falls back on the composer.json.
  info                 Shows information about packages.
  init                 Creates a basic composer.json file in current directory.
  install              Installs the project dependencies from the composer.lock file if present, or falls back on the composer.json.
  licenses             Shows information about licenses of dependencies.
  list                 Lists commands
  outdated             Shows a list of installed packages that have updates available, including their latest version.
  prohibits            Shows which packages prevent the given package from being installed.
  reinstall            Uninstalls and reinstalls the given package names
  remove               Removes a package from the require or require-dev.
  require              Adds required packages to your composer.json and installs them.
  run                  Runs the scripts defined in composer.json.
  run-script           Runs the scripts defined in composer.json.
  search               Searches for packages.
  self-update          Updates composer.phar to the latest version.
  selfupdate           Updates composer.phar to the latest version.
  show                 Shows information about packages.
  status               Shows a list of locally modified packages.
  suggests             Shows package suggestions.
  u                    Upgrades your dependencies to the latest version according to composer.json, and updates the composer.lock file.
  update               Upgrades your dependencies to the latest version according to composer.json, and updates the composer.lock file.
  upgrade              Upgrades your dependencies to the latest version according to composer.json, and updates the composer.lock file.
  validate             Validates a composer.json and composer.lock.
  why                  Shows which packages cause the given package to be installed.
  why-not              Shows which packages prevent the given package from being installed.

[vagrant@localhost ~]$ composer

______

/ ____/___ ____ ___ ____ ____ ________ _____

/ / / __ \/ __ `__ \/ __ \/ __ \/ ___/ _ \/ ___/

/ /___/ /_/ / / / / / / /_/ / /_/ (__ ) __/ /

\____/\____/_/ /_/ /_/ .___/\____/____/\___/_/

/_/

Composer version 2.1.3 2021-06-09 16:31:20

Usage:

command [options] [arguments]

Options:

-h, --help Display this help message

-q, --quiet Do not output any message

-V, --version Display this application version

--ansi Force ANSI output

--no-ansi Disable ANSI output

-n, --no-interaction Do not ask any interactive question

--profile Display timing and memory usage information

--no-plugins Whether to disable plugins.

-d, --working-dir=WORKING-DIR If specified, use the given directory as working directory.

--no-cache Prevent use of the cache

-v|vv|vvv, --verbose Increase the verbosity of messages: 1 for normal output, 2 for more verbose output and 3 for debug

Available commands:

about Shows a short information about Composer.

archive Creates an archive of this composer package.

browse Opens the package's repository URL or homepage in your browser.

cc Clears composer's internal package cache.

check-platform-reqs Check that platform requirements are satisfied.

clear-cache Clears composer's internal package cache.

clearcache Clears composer's internal package cache.

config Sets config options.

create-project Creates new project from a package into given directory.

depends Shows which packages cause the given package to be installed.

diagnose Diagnoses the system to identify common errors.

dump-autoload Dumps the autoloader.

dumpautoload Dumps the autoloader.

exec Executes a vendored binary/script.

fund Discover how to help fund the maintenance of your dependencies.

global Allows running commands in the global composer dir ($COMPOSER_HOME).

help Displays help for a command

home Opens the package's repository URL or homepage in your browser.

i Installs the project dependencies from the composer.lock file if present, or falls back on the composer.json.

info Shows information about packages.

init Creates a basic composer.json file in current directory.

install Installs the project dependencies from the composer.lock file if present, or falls back on the composer.json.

licenses Shows information about licenses of dependencies.

list Lists commands

outdated Shows a list of installed packages that have updates available, including their latest version.

prohibits Shows which packages prevent the given package from being installed.

reinstall Uninstalls and reinstalls the given package names

remove Removes a package from the require or require-dev.

require Adds required packages to your composer.json and installs them.

run Runs the scripts defined in composer.json.

run-script Runs the scripts defined in composer.json.

search Searches for packages.

self-update Updates composer.phar to the latest version.

selfupdate Updates composer.phar to the latest version.

show Shows information about packages.

status Shows a list of locally modified packages.

suggests Shows package suggestions.

u Upgrades your dependencies to the latest version according to composer.json, and updates the composer.lock file.

update Upgrades your dependencies to the latest version according to composer.json, and updates the composer.lock file.

upgrade Upgrades your dependencies to the latest version according to composer.json, and updates the composer.lock file.

validate Validates a composer.json and composer.lock.

why Shows which packages cause the given package to be installed.

why-not Shows which packages prevent the given package from being installed.

PHP – php.iniの設定

2021-06-26 / tau / コメントする

php.iniの場所

普通は/etc/php.ini。

文字コード

もし必要なら変更。

; PHP's default character set is set to UTF-8.
; http://php.net/default-charset
default_charset = "UTF-8"

; PHP's default character set is set to UTF-8.

; http://php.net/default-charset

default_charset = "UTF-8"

mbstringをインストールしている場合、mbstring.internal_encodingは非推奨となっていて、internal_encodingやdefault_charsetが使われるようだ。

; Use of this INI entry is deprecated, use global internal_encoding instead.
; internal/script encoding.
; Some encoding cannot work as internal encoding. (e.g. SJIS, BIG5, ISO-2022-*)
; If empty, default_charset or internal_encoding or iconv.internal_encoding is used.
; The precedence is: default_charset < internal_encoding < iconv.internal_encoding
;mbstring.internal_encoding =

; Use of this INI entry is deprecated, use global internal_encoding instead.

; internal/script encoding.

; Some encoding cannot work as internal encoding. (e.g. SJIS, BIG5, ISO-2022-*)

; If empty, default_charset or internal_encoding or iconv.internal_encoding is used.

; The precedence is: default_charset < internal_encoding < iconv.internal_encoding

;mbstring.internal_encoding =

internal_encodingの方も、指定していなければdefault_charsetが使われるとのこと。

; PHP internal character encoding is set to empty.
; If empty, default_charset is used.
; http://php.net/internal-encoding
;internal_encoding =

; PHP internal character encoding is set to empty.

; If empty, default_charset is used.

; http://php.net/internal-encoding

;internal_encoding =

タイムゾーン

コメントアウトを外し”Asia/Tokyo”を追記。

[Date]
; Defines the default timezone used by the date functions
; http://php.net/date.timezone
date.timezone = "Asia/Tokyo"

[Date]

; Defines the default timezone used by the date functions

; http://php.net/date.timezone

date.timezone = "Asia/Tokyo"

ブラウザーへのエラー表示

ブラウザーへのエラー表示を有効化のためoff→onに変更。ただし運用時はoffに。

; This directive controls whether or not and where PHP will output errors,
; notices and warnings too. Error output is very useful during development, but
; it could be very dangerous in production environments. Depending on the code
; which is triggering the error, sensitive information could potentially leak
; out of your application such as database usernames and passwords or worse.
; For production environments, we recommend logging errors rather than
; sending them to STDOUT.
; Possible Values:
;   Off = Do not display any errors
;   stderr = Display errors to STDERR (affects only CGI/CLI binaries!)
;   On or stdout = Display errors to STDOUT
; Default Value: On
; Development Value: On
; Production Value: Off
; http://php.net/display-errors
display_errors = on

; This directive controls whether or not and where PHP will output errors,

; notices and warnings too. Error output is very useful during development, but

; it could be very dangerous in production environments. Depending on the code

; which is triggering the error, sensitive information could potentially leak

; out of your application such as database usernames and passwords or worse.

; For production environments, we recommend logging errors rather than

; sending them to STDOUT.

; Possible Values:

; Off = Do not display any errors

; stderr = Display errors to STDERR (affects only CGI/CLI binaries!)

; On or stdout = Display errors to STDOUT

; Default Value: On

; Development Value: On

; Production Value: Off

; http://php.net/display-errors

display_errors = on

Vagrant – ネットワーク設定

2021-06-25 / tau / コメントする

ホストオンリー

概要

ホスト～ゲスト間のみ通信が可能
仮想環境起動時にゲスト側のプライベートアドレス(固定IP)を指定
指定したIPでゲスト側に新たなインターフェイス(eth)が加わる
ゲスト側のサーバーでポートを指定して開き、ホスト側から固定IPとそのポートで接続

設定

Vagrantfileの以下のコメントアウトを外す。

  # Create a private network, which allows host-only access to the machine
  # using a specific IP.
  config.vm.network "private_network", ip: "192.168.33.10"

# Create a private network, which allows host-only access to the machine

# using a specific IP.

config.vm.network "private_network", ip: "192.168.33.10"

設定状況の確認。指定したIPアドレスでeth1が設定されていてる。

ゲスト側のサーバーでeth1のIPアドレス(192.168.33.10)と任意のポート指定
ホスト側からそのIPアドレスポートで接続

[vagrant@localhost ~]$ ifconfig
eth0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 10.0.2.15  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 10.0.2.255
        inet6 fe80::10ae:de8c:87bc:71ab  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20<link>
        ether 08:00:27:0e:4e:dd  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 858  bytes 102424 (100.0 KiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 696  bytes 116213 (113.4 KiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

eth1: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 192.168.33.10  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.33.255
        inet6 fe80::a00:27ff:fee3:4137  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20<link>
        ether 08:00:27:e3:41:37  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 140  bytes 12880 (12.5 KiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 19  bytes 1462 (1.4 KiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING>  mtu 65536
        inet 127.0.0.1  netmask 255.0.0.0
        inet6 ::1  prefixlen 128  scopeid 0x10<host>
        loop  txqueuelen 1000  (Local Loopback)
        RX packets 12  bytes 984 (984.0 B)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 12  bytes 984 (984.0 B)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

[vagrant@localhost ~]$ ifconfig

eth0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500

inet 10.0.2.15 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 10.0.2.255

inet6 fe80::10ae:de8c:87bc:71ab prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>

ether 08:00:27:0e:4e:dd txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)

RX packets 858 bytes 102424 (100.0 KiB)

RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0

TX packets 696 bytes 116213 (113.4 KiB)

TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0

eth1: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500

inet 192.168.33.10 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.33.255

inet6 fe80::a00:27ff:fee3:4137 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>

ether 08:00:27:e3:41:37 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)

RX packets 140 bytes 12880 (12.5 KiB)

RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0

TX packets 19 bytes 1462 (1.4 KiB)

TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0

lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING> mtu 65536

inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0

inet6 ::1 prefixlen 128 scopeid 0x10<host>

loop txqueuelen 1000 (Local Loopback)

RX packets 12 bytes 984 (984.0 B)

RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0

TX packets 12 bytes 984 (984.0 B)

TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0

接続例

たとえばPHPのビルトインサーバーを以下のように起動し、ホストのブラウザーのURLに192.168.33.10:8080/test.phpなどと指定。

ポート番号8080は任意の値を設定でき、ゲスト側のサーバーで指定した番号と同じものをホスト側のブラウザー等でも指定。

[vagrant@localhost ~]$ php -S 192.168.33.10:8080 -t /home/vagrant/app
PHP 7.3.28 Development Server started at Fri Jun 25 01:34:59 2021
Listening on http://192.168.33.10:8080
Document root is /home/vagrant/app/php
Press Ctrl-C to quit.
[Fri Jun 25 01:35:11 2021] 192.168.33.1:59811 [200]: /test.php
[Fri Jun 25 01:35:11 2021] 192.168.33.1:65378 [404]: /favicon.ico - No such file or directory

[vagrant@localhost ~]$ php -S 192.168.33.10:8080 -t /home/vagrant/app

PHP 7.3.28 Development Server started at Fri Jun 25 01:34:59 2021

Listening on http://192.168.33.10:8080

Document root is /home/vagrant/app/php

Press Ctrl-C to quit.

[Fri Jun 25 01:35:11 2021] 192.168.33.1:59811 [200]: /test.php

[Fri Jun 25 01:35:11 2021] 192.168.33.1:65378 [404]: /favicon.ico - No such file or directory

ポートフォワーディング

概要

ゲストとホストそれぞれのポート番号を指定する
ゲスト側ではeth0のIPアドレスとゲストに指定されたポート番号でサーバを起動
ホスト側ではlocalhost(127.0.0.1)とホストに指定されたポート番号でゲスト側に接続

設定

Vagrantfileの以下のコメントアウトを外す。

  # Create a forwarded port mapping which allows access to a specific port
  # within the machine from a port on the host machine. In the example below,
  # accessing "localhost:8080" will access port 80 on the guest machine.
  # NOTE: This will enable public access to the opened port
  # config.vm.network "forwarded_port", guest: 80, host: 8080
  config.vm.network "forwarded_port", guest: 3000, host: 3000

# Create a forwarded port mapping which allows access to a specific port

# within the machine from a port on the host machine. In the example below,

# accessing "localhost:8080" will access port 80 on the guest machine.

# NOTE: This will enable public access to the opened port

# config.vm.network "forwarded_port", guest: 80, host: 8080

config.vm.network "forwarded_port", guest: 3000, host: 3000

設定状況の確認。

ゲスト側ではeth0のIPアドレス(10.0.2.15)とVagrantfileのguestで指定したポート(3000)でサーバーを起動
ホスト側からはlocalhost(または127.0.0.1)とVagrantfileのhostで指定したポートで接続

[vagrant@localhost ~]$ ifconfig
eth0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 10.0.2.15  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 10.0.2.255
        inet6 fe80::10ae:de8c:87bc:71ab  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20<link>
        ether 08:00:27:0e:4e:dd  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 1036  bytes 111836 (109.2 KiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 776  bytes 120609 (117.7 KiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING>  mtu 65536
        inet 127.0.0.1  netmask 255.0.0.0
        inet6 ::1  prefixlen 128  scopeid 0x10<host>
        loop  txqueuelen 1000  (Local Loopback)
        RX packets 68  bytes 5896 (5.7 KiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 68  bytes 5896 (5.7 KiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

[vagrant@localhost ~]$ ifconfig

eth0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500

inet 10.0.2.15 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 10.0.2.255

inet6 fe80::10ae:de8c:87bc:71ab prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>

ether 08:00:27:0e:4e:dd txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)

RX packets 1036 bytes 111836 (109.2 KiB)

RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0

TX packets 776 bytes 120609 (117.7 KiB)

TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0

lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING> mtu 65536

inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0

inet6 ::1 prefixlen 128 scopeid 0x10<host>

loop txqueuelen 1000 (Local Loopback)

RX packets 68 bytes 5896 (5.7 KiB)

RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0

TX packets 68 bytes 5896 (5.7 KiB)

TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0

接続例

たとえばPHPのビルトインサーバーを以下のように起動し、ホストのブラウザーのURLにlocalhost:3000/test.phpあるいは127.0.0.1:3000/test.phpなどと指定。

[vagrant@localhost app]$ php -S 10.0.2.15:3000 -t ~/app
PHP 7.3.28 Development Server started at Fri Jun 25 10:33:58 2021
Listening on http://10.0.2.15:3000
Document root is /home/vagrant/app
Press Ctrl-C to quit.
[Fri Jun 25 10:34:04 2021] 10.0.2.2:57777 [200]: /test.php

[vagrant@localhost app]$ php -S 10.0.2.15:3000 -t ~/app

PHP 7.3.28 Development Server started at Fri Jun 25 10:33:58 2021

Listening on http://10.0.2.15:3000

Document root is /home/vagrant/app

Press Ctrl-C to quit.

[Fri Jun 25 10:34:04 2021] 10.0.2.2:57777 [200]: /test.php

異なるポート番号の場合

ホスト側とゲスト側のポート番号は異なってもよい。たとえばVagrantfileの先ほどの1行上の方をコメントアウトする。

  config.vm.network "forwarded_port", guest: 80, host: 8080

1	config.vm.network "forwarded_port", guest: 80, host: 8080

この場合はゲスト側でサーバーを起動する場合にポート80で起動する(注：ポート80を使う場合はroot権限が必要)。たとえばPHPのビルトインサーバーの場合は以下のとおり。

[vagrant@localhost app]$ sudo php -S 10.0.2.15:80 -t ~/app
PHP 7.3.28 Development Server started at Fri Jun 25 11:01:00 2021
Listening on http://10.0.2.15:80
Document root is /home/vagrant/app
Press Ctrl-C to quit.
[Fri Jun 25 11:01:18 2021] 10.0.2.2:64663 [200]: /test.php

[vagrant@localhost app]$ sudo php -S 10.0.2.15:80 -t ~/app

PHP 7.3.28 Development Server started at Fri Jun 25 11:01:00 2021

Listening on http://10.0.2.15:80

Document root is /home/vagrant/app

Press Ctrl-C to quit.

[Fri Jun 25 11:01:18 2021] 10.0.2.2:64663 [200]: /test.php

そしてホスト側のブラウザーからは以下で接続する。

localhost:8080/test.phpまたは127.0.0.1:8080/test.php

Linux – curl

2021-06-24 / tau / コメントする

概要

curlコマンドはcURL (see URL)から名付けられたコマンドで、URLを通したファイル転送を行うコマンドラインツール。

Vagrantのbento/CentOS7にはcurlがインストール済みで、以下のようにバージョンを確認できる。

[vagrant@localhost ~]$ curl --version
curl 7.29.0 (x86_64-redhat-linux-gnu) libcurl/7.29.0 NSS/3.53.1 zlib/1.2.7 libidn/1.28 libssh2/1.8.0
Protocols: dict file ftp ftps gopher http https imap imaps ldap ldaps pop3 pop3s rtsp scp sftp smtp smtps telnet tftp
Features: AsynchDNS GSS-Negotiate IDN IPv6 Largefile NTLM NTLM_WB SSL libz unix-sockets

[vagrant@localhost ~]$ curl --version

curl 7.29.0 (x86_64-redhat-linux-gnu) libcurl/7.29.0 NSS/3.53.1 zlib/1.2.7 libidn/1.28 libssh2/1.8.0

Protocols: dict file ftp ftps gopher http https imap imaps ldap ldaps pop3 pop3s rtsp scp sftp smtp smtps telnet tftp

Features: AsynchDNS GSS-Negotiate IDN IPv6 Largefile NTLM NTLM_WB SSL libz unix-sockets

GET

curl URLでHTTPのGETメソッドをコマンドラインで実行し、転送されたファイルはコンソールに表示される。

[vagrant@localhost ~]$ curl https://www.wikipedia.org
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" class="no-js">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>Wikipedia</title>
<meta name="description" content="Wikipedia is a free online encyclopedia, created and edited by volunteers around the world and hosted by the Wikimedia Foundation.">
<script>
.....

[vagrant@localhost ~]$ curl https://www.wikipedia.org

<!DOCTYPE html>

<head>

<title>Wikipedia</title>

.....

-s, -S

curl -s URLはプログレス表示を抑制。ただしエラーメッセージも表示されなくなる。

curl -S URLはエラーメッセージを出力。

curl -sS URLはプログラス表示を抑制しながらエラーは表示させる。

-I, -i

curl -I URLでレスポンスヘッダー表示。

[vagrant@localhost ~]$ curl -I https://www.google.com
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Content-Type: text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1
P3P: CP="This is not a P3P policy! See g.co/p3phelp for more info."
Date: Thu, 24 Jun 2021 13:03:11 GMT
Server: gws
X-XSS-Protection: 0
X-Frame-Options: SAMEORIGIN
Transfer-Encoding: chunked
Expires: Thu, 24 Jun 2021 13:03:11 GMT
Cache-Control: private

[vagrant@localhost ~]$ curl -I https://www.google.com

HTTP/1.1 200 OK

Content-Type: text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1

P3P: CP="This is not a P3P policy! See g.co/p3phelp for more info."

Date: Thu, 24 Jun 2021 13:03:11 GMT

Server: gws

X-XSS-Protection: 0

X-Frame-Options: SAMEORIGIN

Transfer-Encoding: chunked

Expires: Thu, 24 Jun 2021 13:03:11 GMT

Cache-Control: private

curl -i URLでボディーを含むレスポンス表示。

[vagrant@localhost ~]$ curl -i https://www.google.com
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Thu, 24 Jun 2021 13:09:11 GMT
Expires: -1
Cache-Control: private, max-age=0
Content-Type: text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1
P3P: CP="This is not a P3P policy! See g.co/p3phelp for more info."
Server: gws
X-XSS-Protection: 0
X-Frame-Options: SAMEORIGIN
.....
<!doctype html><html itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/WebPage" lang="ja"><head>.....

[vagrant@localhost ~]$ curl -i https://www.google.com

HTTP/1.1 200 OK

Date: Thu, 24 Jun 2021 13:09:11 GMT

Expires: -1

Cache-Control: private, max-age=0

Content-Type: text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1

P3P: CP="This is not a P3P policy! See g.co/p3phelp for more info."

Server: gws

X-XSS-Protection: 0

X-Frame-Options: SAMEORIGIN

.....

<!doctype html><html itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/WebPage" lang="ja"><head>.....

-v

リクエストを含むヘッダーとボディーを表示。

[vagrant@localhost ~]$ curl -v https://www.google.com
* About to connect() to www.google.com port 443 (#0)
*   Trying 142.250.196.132...
* Connected to www.google.com (142.250.196.132) port 443 (#0)
* Initializing NSS with certpath: sql:/etc/pki/nssdb
*   CAfile: /etc/pki/tls/certs/ca-bundle.crt
  CApath: none
* SSL connection using TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256
* Server certificate:
*       subject: CN=www.google.com,O=Google LLC,L=Mountain View,ST=California,C=US
*       start date:  5月 24 03:58:34 2021 GMT
*       expire date:  8月 16 03:58:33 2021 GMT
*       common name: www.google.com
*       issuer: CN=GTS CA 1O1,O=Google Trust Services,C=US
> GET / HTTP/1.1
> User-Agent: curl/7.29.0
> Host: www.google.com
> Accept: */*
>
< HTTP/1.1 200 OK
< Date: Thu, 24 Jun 2021 13:06:26 GMT
< Expires: -1
< Cache-Control: private, max-age=0
< Content-Type: text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1
< P3P: CP="This is not a P3P policy! See g.co/p3phelp for more info."
< Server: gws
< X-XSS-Protection: 0
< X-Frame-Options: SAMEORIGIN
.....
<!doctype html><html itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/WebPage" lang="ja"><head>.....

[vagrant@localhost ~]$ curl -v https://www.google.com

* About to connect() to www.google.com port 443 (#0)

* Trying 142.250.196.132...

* Connected to www.google.com (142.250.196.132) port 443 (#0)

* Initializing NSS with certpath: sql:/etc/pki/nssdb

* CAfile: /etc/pki/tls/certs/ca-bundle.crt

CApath: none

* SSL connection using TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256

* Server certificate:

* subject: CN=www.google.com,O=Google LLC,L=Mountain View,ST=California,C=US

* start date: 5月 24 03:58:34 2021 GMT

* expire date: 8月 16 03:58:33 2021 GMT

* common name: www.google.com

* issuer: CN=GTS CA 1O1,O=Google Trust Services,C=US

> GET / HTTP/1.1

> User-Agent: curl/7.29.0

> Host: www.google.com

> Accept: */*

< HTTP/1.1 200 OK

< Date: Thu, 24 Jun 2021 13:06:26 GMT

< Expires: -1

< Cache-Control: private, max-age=0

< Content-Type: text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1

< P3P: CP="This is not a P3P policy! See g.co/p3phelp for more info."

< Server: gws

< X-XSS-Protection: 0

< X-Frame-Options: SAMEORIGIN

.....

<!doctype html><html itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/WebPage" lang="ja"><head>.....

POST

-X

-XオプションでPOSTを指定してPOSTメソッドでリクエスト。

$ curl -X POST http://httpbin.org/post
{
  "args": {},
  "data": "",
  "files": {},
  "form": {},
  "headers": {
    "Accept": "*/*",
    "Host": "httpbin.org",
    "User-Agent": "curl/7.29.0",
    "X-Amzn-Trace-Id": "Root=1-62b76e23-4e7b1252140667e84b1d7738"
  },
  "json": null,
  "origin": "106.155.0.13",
  "url": "http://httpbin.org/post"
}

$ curl -X POST http://httpbin.org/post

{

"args": {},

"data": "",

"files": {},

"form": {},

"headers": {

"Accept": "*/*",

"Host": "httpbin.org",

"User-Agent": "curl/7.29.0",

"X-Amzn-Trace-Id": "Root=1-62b76e23-4e7b1252140667e84b1d7738"

"json": null,

"origin": "106.155.0.13",

"url": "http://httpbin.org/post"

}

-d

-dオプションでパラメーターを指定。

$ curl -X POST -d 'name=tau' -d 'site=taustation.com' http://httpbin.org/post
{
  "args": {},
  "data": "",
  "files": {},
  "form": {
    "name": "tau",
    "site": "taustation.com"
  },
  "headers": {
    "Accept": "*/*",
    "Content-Length": "28",
    "Content-Type": "application/x-www-form-urlencoded",
    "Host": "httpbin.org",
    "User-Agent": "curl/7.29.0",
    "X-Amzn-Trace-Id": "Root=1-62b76e6e-417c336439e250765dd33f3e"
  },
  "json": null,
  "origin": "106.155.0.13",
  "url": "http://httpbin.org/post"
}

$ curl -X POST -d 'name=tau' -d 'site=taustation.com' http://httpbin.org/post

{

"args": {},

"data": "",

"files": {},

"form": {

"name": "tau",

"site": "taustation.com"

"headers": {

"Accept": "*/*",

"Content-Length": "28",

"Content-Type": "application/x-www-form-urlencoded",

"Host": "httpbin.org",

"User-Agent": "curl/7.29.0",

"X-Amzn-Trace-Id": "Root=1-62b76e6e-417c336439e250765dd33f3e"

"json": null,

"origin": "106.155.0.13",

"url": "http://httpbin.org/post"

}

Vagrant – PHPインストール – CentOS7

2021-06-24 / tau / コメントする

概要

CentOS7へのPHPのインストールはyumを使うが、公式のリポジトリ―ではバージョン5まででPHP7系がインストールできない。

PHP7をインストールするのに、sudo yum install php73 php73-php ...とすると、起動コマンドがphp73になる。これをphpで起動できるようにするのにRemi Repositoryを使わせてもらう。Remi Repositoryをインストールするに当たってはEPEL (Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux)が必要になる。

Remi RepositoryのサイトにあるConfiguration Wizardで条件を指定して、必要な情報を得ておく。設定条件は、

Operating system: CentOS7 (maintained until June 2024)
Wanted PHP version: 7.3.28 (security only support until December 2021)
Type of installation: Default / Single version (simplest way)

Wizard answerとして以下を含む情報が得られる。

Command to install the EPEL repository configuration package:
yum install https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm
Command to install the Remi repository configuration package:
yum install https://rpms.remirepo.net/enterprise/remi-release-7.rpm
PHP version 7.3 packages are available for CentOS 7 in remi-php73 repository
Command to upgrade (the repository only provides PHP):
yum update
Command to install additional packages:
yum install php-xxx

yumのアップデート

念のため。

[vagrant@localhost ~]$ sudo yum -y update
読み込んだプラグイン:fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
epel/x86_64/metalink                                                                             | 8.8 kB  00:00:00
* base: ftp.riken.jp
* epel: nrt.edge.kernel.org
* extras: ftp.riken.jp
* updates: ftp.riken.jp
base                                                                                             | 3.6 kB  00:00:00
epel                                                                                             | 4.7 kB  00:00:00
extras                                                                                           | 2.9 kB  00:00:00
mysql-connectors-community                                                                       | 2.6 kB  00:00:00
mysql-tools-community                                                                            | 2.6 kB  00:00:00
mysql80-community                                                                                | 2.6 kB  00:00:00
updates                                                                                          | 2.9 kB  00:00:00
(1/2): epel/x86_64/updateinfo                                                                    | 1.0 MB  00:00:03
(2/2): epel/x86_64/primary_db                                                                    | 6.9 MB  00:00:15
No packages marked for update

[vagrant@localhost ~]$ sudo yum -y update

読み込んだプラグイン:fastestmirror

Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile

epel/x86_64/metalink | 8.8 kB 00:00:00

* base: ftp.riken.jp

* epel: nrt.edge.kernel.org

* extras: ftp.riken.jp

* updates: ftp.riken.jp

base | 3.6 kB 00:00:00

epel | 4.7 kB 00:00:00

extras | 2.9 kB 00:00:00

mysql-connectors-community | 2.6 kB 00:00:00

mysql-tools-community | 2.6 kB 00:00:00

mysql80-community | 2.6 kB 00:00:00

updates | 2.9 kB 00:00:00

(1/2): epel/x86_64/updateinfo | 1.0 MB 00:00:03

(2/2): epel/x86_64/primary_db | 6.9 MB 00:00:15

No packages marked for update

EPELのインストール

yumアップデートでEPELがインストール済みとわかる。インストール済みのリストをとってみると

[vagrant@localhost ~]$ sudo yum list | grep epel-
epel-release.noarch                      7-13                          @epel
epel-rpm-macros.noarch                   7-30                          epel

[vagrant@localhost ~]$ sudo yum list | grep epel-

epel-release.noarch 7-13 @epel

epel-rpm-macros.noarch 7-30 epel

EPELをインストールする手順の覚え書き。

[vagrant@localhost ~]$ sudo yum -y install epel-release
読み込んだプラグイン:fastestmirror
Determining fastest mirrors
epel/x86_64/metalink                                             | 9.0 kB  00:00:00
* base: ftp.riken.jp
* epel: nrt.edge.kernel.org
* extras: ftp.riken.jp
* updates: ftp.riken.jp
base                                                             | 3.6 kB  00:00:00
epel                                                             | 4.7 kB  00:00:00
extras                                                           | 2.9 kB  00:00:00
mysql-connectors-community                                       | 2.6 kB  00:00:00
mysql-tools-community                                            | 2.6 kB  00:00:00
mysql80-community                                                | 2.6 kB  00:00:00
updates                                                          | 2.9 kB  00:00:00
(1/8): mysql-connectors-community/x86_64/primary_db              |  80 kB  00:00:00
(2/8): mysql-tools-community/x86_64/primary_db                   |  88 kB  00:00:00
(3/8): mysql80-community/x86_64/primary_db                       | 165 kB  00:00:00
(4/8): epel/x86_64/updateinfo                                    | 1.0 MB  00:00:00
(5/8): epel/x86_64/group_gz                                      |  96 kB  00:00:01
(6/8): extras/7/x86_64/primary_db                                | 242 kB  00:00:03
(7/8): epel/x86_64/primary_db                                    | 6.9 MB  00:00:05
(8/8): updates/7/x86_64/primary_db                               | 8.8 MB  00:00:10
パッケージ epel-release-7-13.noarch はインストール済みか最新バージョンです
何もしません

[vagrant@localhost ~]$ sudo yum -y install epel-release

読み込んだプラグイン:fastestmirror

Determining fastest mirrors

epel/x86_64/metalink | 9.0 kB 00:00:00

* base: ftp.riken.jp

* epel: nrt.edge.kernel.org

* extras: ftp.riken.jp

* updates: ftp.riken.jp

base | 3.6 kB 00:00:00

epel | 4.7 kB 00:00:00

extras | 2.9 kB 00:00:00

mysql-connectors-community | 2.6 kB 00:00:00

mysql-tools-community | 2.6 kB 00:00:00

mysql80-community | 2.6 kB 00:00:00

updates | 2.9 kB 00:00:00

(1/8): mysql-connectors-community/x86_64/primary_db | 80 kB 00:00:00

(2/8): mysql-tools-community/x86_64/primary_db | 88 kB 00:00:00

(3/8): mysql80-community/x86_64/primary_db | 165 kB 00:00:00

(4/8): epel/x86_64/updateinfo | 1.0 MB 00:00:00

(5/8): epel/x86_64/group_gz | 96 kB 00:00:01

(6/8): extras/7/x86_64/primary_db | 242 kB 00:00:03

(7/8): epel/x86_64/primary_db | 6.9 MB 00:00:05

(8/8): updates/7/x86_64/primary_db | 8.8 MB 00:00:10

パッケージ epel-release-7-13.noarch はインストール済みか最新バージョンです

何もしません

Remiリポジトリーのインストール

[vagrant@localhost ~]$ sudo yum install https://rpms.remirepo.net/enterprise/remi-release-7.rpm
読み込んだプラグイン:fastestmirror
remi-release-7.rpm                                               |  23 kB  00:00:00
/var/tmp/yum-root-LSpJI8/remi-release-7.rpm を調べています: remi-release-7.9-1.el7.remi.noarch
/var/tmp/yum-root-LSpJI8/remi-release-7.rpm をインストール済みとして設定しています
依存性の解決をしています
--> トランザクションの確認を実行しています。
---> パッケージ remi-release.noarch 0:7.9-1.el7.remi を インストール
--> 依存性解決を終了しました。

依存性を解決しました

========================================================================================
Package             アーキテクチャー
                                   バージョン              リポジトリー            容量
========================================================================================
インストール中:
remi-release        noarch        7.9-1.el7.remi          /remi-release-7         31 k

トランザクションの要約
========================================================================================
インストール  1 パッケージ

合計容量: 31 k
インストール容量: 31 k
Is this ok [y/d/N]: y
Downloading packages:
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
  インストール中          : remi-release-7.9-1.el7.remi.noarch                      1/1
  検証中                  : remi-release-7.9-1.el7.remi.noarch                      1/1

インストール:
  remi-release.noarch 0:7.9-1.el7.remi

完了しました!

[vagrant@localhost ~]$ sudo yum install https://rpms.remirepo.net/enterprise/remi-release-7.rpm

読み込んだプラグイン:fastestmirror

remi-release-7.rpm | 23 kB 00:00:00

/var/tmp/yum-root-LSpJI8/remi-release-7.rpm を調べています: remi-release-7.9-1.el7.remi.noarch

/var/tmp/yum-root-LSpJI8/remi-release-7.rpm をインストール済みとして設定しています

依存性の解決をしています

--> トランザクションの確認を実行しています。

---> パッケージ remi-release.noarch 0:7.9-1.el7.remi をインストール

--> 依存性解決を終了しました。

依存性を解決しました

========================================================================================

Package アーキテクチャー

バージョンリポジトリー容量

========================================================================================

インストール中:

remi-release noarch 7.9-1.el7.remi /remi-release-7 31 k

トランザクションの要約

========================================================================================

インストール 1 パッケージ

合計容量: 31 k

インストール容量: 31 k

Is this ok [y/d/N]: y

Downloading packages:

Running transaction check

Running transaction test

Transaction test succeeded

Running transaction

インストール中 : remi-release-7.9-1.el7.remi.noarch 1/1

検証中 : remi-release-7.9-1.el7.remi.noarch 1/1

インストール:

remi-release.noarch 0:7.9-1.el7.remi

完了しました!

PHP73リポジトリーの有効化

/etc/yum.repos.d/remi-php73.repoを編集。

[vagrant@localhost ~]$ sudo vi /etc/yum.repos.d/remi-php73.repo

1	[vagrant@localhost ~]$ sudo vi /etc/yum.repos.d/remi-php73.repo

[vagrant@localhost ~]$ cat /etc/yum.repos.d/remi-php73.repo
# This repository only provides PHP 7.3 and its extensions
# NOTICE: common dependencies are in "remi-safe"

[remi-php73]
name=Remi's PHP 7.3 RPM repository for Enterprise Linux 7 - $basearch
#baseurl=http://rpms.remirepo.net/enterprise/7/php73/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=https://rpms.remirepo.net/enterprise/7/php73/httpsmirror
mirrorlist=http://cdn.remirepo.net/enterprise/7/php73/mirror
enabled=1 #0となっているのを1に変更
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-remi

[remi-php73-debuginfo]
.....

[vagrant@localhost ~]$ cat /etc/yum.repos.d/remi-php73.repo

# This repository only provides PHP 7.3 and its extensions

# NOTICE: common dependencies are in "remi-safe"

[remi-php73]

name=Remi's PHP 7.3 RPM repository for Enterprise Linux 7 - $basearch

#baseurl=http://rpms.remirepo.net/enterprise/7/php73/$basearch/

#mirrorlist=https://rpms.remirepo.net/enterprise/7/php73/httpsmirror

mirrorlist=http://cdn.remirepo.net/enterprise/7/php73/mirror

enabled=1 #0となっているのを1に変更

gpgcheck=1

gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-remi

[remi-php73-debuginfo]

.....

PHP本体のインストール

[vagrant@localhost ~]$ sudo yum install --enablerepo=remi,remi-php73 php
読み込んだプラグイン:fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: ftp.riken.jp
* epel: nrt.edge.kernel.org
* extras: ftp.riken.jp
* remi: ftp.riken.jp
* remi-php73: ftp.riken.jp
* remi-safe: ftp.riken.jp
* updates: ftp.riken.jp
remi                                                                                             | 3.0 kB  00:00:00
remi-php73                                                                                       | 3.0 kB  00:00:00
remi-safe                                                                                        | 3.0 kB  00:00:00
(1/3): remi-php73/primary_db                                                                     | 242 kB  00:00:00
(2/3): remi-safe/primary_db                                                                      | 2.0 MB  00:00:01
(3/3): remi/primary_db                                                                           | 3.0 MB  00:00:01
依存性の解決をしています
.....
file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-remi から鍵を取得中です。
Importing GPG key 0x00F97F56:
Userid     : "Remi Collet <RPMS@FamilleCollet.com>"
Fingerprint: 1ee0 4cce 88a4 ae4a a29a 5df5 004e 6f47 00f9 7f56
Package    : remi-release-7.9-1.el7.remi.noarch (@/remi-release-7)
From       : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-remi
上記の処理を行います。よろしいでしょうか？ [y/N]y
.....
インストール:
  php.x86_64 0:7.3.28-1.el7.remi

依存性関連をインストールしました:
  apr.x86_64 0:1.4.8-7.el7                  apr-util.x86_64 0:1.5.2-6.el7          httpd.x86_64 0:2.4.6-97.el7.centos
  httpd-tools.x86_64 0:2.4.6-97.el7.centos  libargon2.x86_64 0:20161029-3.el7      mailcap.noarch 0:2.1.41-2.el7
  php-cli.x86_64 0:7.3.28-1.el7.remi        php-common.x86_64 0:7.3.28-1.el7.remi  php-json.x86_64 0:7.3.28-1.el7.remi

完了しました!

[vagrant@localhost ~]$ sudo yum install --enablerepo=remi,remi-php73 php

読み込んだプラグイン:fastestmirror

Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile

* base: ftp.riken.jp

* epel: nrt.edge.kernel.org

* extras: ftp.riken.jp

* remi: ftp.riken.jp

* remi-php73: ftp.riken.jp

* remi-safe: ftp.riken.jp

* updates: ftp.riken.jp

remi | 3.0 kB 00:00:00

remi-php73 | 3.0 kB 00:00:00

remi-safe | 3.0 kB 00:00:00

(1/3): remi-php73/primary_db | 242 kB 00:00:00

(2/3): remi-safe/primary_db | 2.0 MB 00:00:01

(3/3): remi/primary_db | 3.0 MB 00:00:01

依存性の解決をしています

.....

file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-remi から鍵を取得中です。

Importing GPG key 0x00F97F56:

Userid : "Remi Collet <RPMS@FamilleCollet.com>"

Fingerprint: 1ee0 4cce 88a4 ae4a a29a 5df5 004e 6f47 00f9 7f56

Package : remi-release-7.9-1.el7.remi.noarch (@/remi-release-7)

From : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-remi

上記の処理を行います。よろしいでしょうか？ [y/N]y

.....

インストール:

php.x86_64 0:7.3.28-1.el7.remi

依存性関連をインストールしました:

apr.x86_64 0:1.4.8-7.el7 apr-util.x86_64 0:1.5.2-6.el7 httpd.x86_64 0:2.4.6-97.el7.centos

httpd-tools.x86_64 0:2.4.6-97.el7.centos libargon2.x86_64 0:20161029-3.el7 mailcap.noarch 0:2.1.41-2.el7

php-cli.x86_64 0:7.3.28-1.el7.remi php-common.x86_64 0:7.3.28-1.el7.remi php-json.x86_64 0:7.3.28-1.el7.remi

完了しました!

インストールの確認。

[vagrant@localhost ~]$ php -v
PHP 7.3.28 (cli) (built: Apr 27 2021 13:57:06) ( NTS )
Copyright (c) 1997-2018 The PHP Group
Zend Engine v3.3.28, Copyright (c) 1998-2018 Zend Technologies

[vagrant@localhost ~]$ php -v

PHP 7.3.28 (cli) (built: Apr 27 2021 13:57:06) ( NTS )

この時点でインストールされているパッケージの確認。

[vagrant@localhost ~]$ yum list installed php*
読み込んだプラグイン:fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: ty1.mirror.newmediaexpress.com
* epel: nrt.edge.kernel.org
* extras: ty1.mirror.newmediaexpress.com
* remi-php73: ftp.riken.jp
* remi-safe: ftp.riken.jp
* updates: ty1.mirror.newmediaexpress.com
インストール済みパッケージ
php.x86_64                        7.3.28-1.el7.remi                  @remi-php73
php-cli.x86_64                    7.3.28-1.el7.remi                  @remi-php73
php-common.x86_64                 7.3.28-1.el7.remi                  @remi-php73
php-json.x86_64                   7.3.28-1.el7.remi                  @remi-php73

[vagrant@localhost ~]$ yum list installed php*

読み込んだプラグイン:fastestmirror

Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile

* base: ty1.mirror.newmediaexpress.com

* epel: nrt.edge.kernel.org

* extras: ty1.mirror.newmediaexpress.com

* remi-php73: ftp.riken.jp

* remi-safe: ftp.riken.jp

* updates: ty1.mirror.newmediaexpress.com

インストール済みパッケージ

php.x86_64 7.3.28-1.el7.remi @remi-php73

php-cli.x86_64 7.3.28-1.el7.remi @remi-php73

php-common.x86_64 7.3.28-1.el7.remi @remi-php73

php-json.x86_64 7.3.28-1.el7.remi @remi-php73

必要なパッケージのインストール

php-devel	php拡張を構築するのに必要なファイル
php-opcache	バイトコード化アクセラレーター
php-intl	国際化関数
php-mbstring	マルチバイト文字関連
php-mysqlnd	MySQLネイティブドライバー
php-pdo	PDO
php-xml	XML利用
php-xmlrpc	XMLデータ交換
php-gd	画像処理関連

基本的な機能

[vagrant@localhost ~]$ sudo yum install --enablerepo=remi,remi-php73 php-devel php-opcache
.....
インストール:
  php-devel.x86_64 0:7.3.28-1.el7.remi                      php-opcache.x86_64 0:7.3.28-1.el7.remi

依存性関連をインストールしました:
  autoconf.noarch 0:2.69-11.el7                           automake.noarch 0:1.13.4-3.el7
  libargon2-devel.x86_64 0:20161029-3.el7                 libedit-devel.x86_64 0:3.0-12.20121213cvs.el7
  libtool.x86_64 0:2.4.2-22.el7_3                         libxml2-devel.x86_64 0:2.9.1-6.el7.5
  perl-Data-Dumper.x86_64 0:2.145-3.el7                   perl-Test-Harness.noarch 0:3.28-3.el7
  perl-Thread-Queue.noarch 0:3.02-2.el7                   xz-devel.x86_64 0:5.2.2-1.el7

完了しました!

[vagrant@localhost ~]$ sudo yum install --enablerepo=remi,remi-php73 php-devel php-opcache

.....

インストール:

php-devel.x86_64 0:7.3.28-1.el7.remi php-opcache.x86_64 0:7.3.28-1.el7.remi

依存性関連をインストールしました:

autoconf.noarch 0:2.69-11.el7 automake.noarch 0:1.13.4-3.el7

libargon2-devel.x86_64 0:20161029-3.el7 libedit-devel.x86_64 0:3.0-12.20121213cvs.el7

libtool.x86_64 0:2.4.2-22.el7_3 libxml2-devel.x86_64 0:2.9.1-6.el7.5

perl-Data-Dumper.x86_64 0:2.145-3.el7 perl-Test-Harness.noarch 0:3.28-3.el7

perl-Thread-Queue.noarch 0:3.02-2.el7 xz-devel.x86_64 0:5.2.2-1.el7

完了しました!

国際化・マルチバイト

[vagrant@localhost ~]$ sudo yum install --enablerepo=remi,remi-php73 php-intl php-mbstring
.....
インストール:
  php-intl.x86_64 0:7.3.28-1.el7.remi  php-mbstring.x86_64 0:7.3.28-1.el7.remi

依存性関連をインストールしました:
  libicu65.x86_64 0:65.1-1.el7.remi  oniguruma5php.x86_64 0:6.9.7.1-1.el7.remi

完了しました!

[vagrant@localhost ~]$ sudo yum install --enablerepo=remi,remi-php73 php-intl php-mbstring

.....

インストール:

php-intl.x86_64 0:7.3.28-1.el7.remi php-mbstring.x86_64 0:7.3.28-1.el7.remi

依存性関連をインストールしました:

libicu65.x86_64 0:65.1-1.el7.remi oniguruma5php.x86_64 0:6.9.7.1-1.el7.remi

完了しました!

データベース関係

vagrant@localhost ~]$ sudo yum install --enablerepo=remi,remi-php73 php-mysqlnd php-pdo
.....
インストール:
  php-mysqlnd.x86_64 0:7.3.28-1.el7.remi   php-pdo.x86_64 0:7.3.28-1.el7.remi

完了しました!

vagrant@localhost ~]$ sudo yum install --enablerepo=remi,remi-php73 php-mysqlnd php-pdo

.....

インストール:

php-mysqlnd.x86_64 0:7.3.28-1.el7.remi php-pdo.x86_64 0:7.3.28-1.el7.remi

完了しました!

XML関係

[vagrant@localhost ~]$ sudo yum install --enablerepo=remi,remi-php73 php-xml php-xmlrpc
.....
インストール:
  php-xml.x86_64 0:7.3.28-1.el7.remi                        php-xmlrpc.x86_64 0:7.3.28-1.el7.remi

依存性関連をインストールしました:
  libxslt.x86_64 0:1.1.28-6.el7

完了しました!

[vagrant@localhost ~]$ sudo yum install --enablerepo=remi,remi-php73 php-xml php-xmlrpc

.....

インストール:

php-xml.x86_64 0:7.3.28-1.el7.remi php-xmlrpc.x86_64 0:7.3.28-1.el7.remi

依存性関連をインストールしました:

libxslt.x86_64 0:1.1.28-6.el7

完了しました!

画像関係

[vagrant@localhost ~]$ sudo yum install --enablerepo=remi,remi-php73 php-gd
インストール:
  php-gd.x86_64 0:7.3.28-1.el7.remi

依存性関連をインストールしました:
  dejavu-fonts-common.noarch 0:2.33-6.el7     dejavu-sans-fonts.noarch 0:2.33-6.el7 fontconfig.x86_64 0:2.13.0-4.3.el7
  fontpackages-filesystem.noarch 0:1.44-8.el7 fribidi.x86_64 0:1.0.2-1.el7_7.1      gd-last.x86_64 0:2.3.2-1.el7.remi
  graphite2.x86_64 0:1.3.10-1.el7_3           harfbuzz.x86_64 0:1.7.5-2.el7         jbigkit-libs.x86_64 0:2.0-11.el7
  libX11.x86_64 0:1.6.7-3.el7_9               libX11-common.noarch 0:1.6.7-3.el7_9  libXau.x86_64 0:1.0.8-2.1.el7
  libXpm.x86_64 0:3.5.12-1.el7                libjpeg-turbo.x86_64 0:1.2.90-8.el7   libraqm.x86_64 0:0.7.0-4.el7
  libtiff.x86_64 0:4.0.3-35.el7               libwebp7.x86_64 0:1.0.3-1.el7.remi    libxcb.x86_64 0:1.13-1.el7

完了しました!

[vagrant@localhost ~]$ sudo yum install --enablerepo=remi,remi-php73 php-gd

インストール:

php-gd.x86_64 0:7.3.28-1.el7.remi

依存性関連をインストールしました:

dejavu-fonts-common.noarch 0:2.33-6.el7 dejavu-sans-fonts.noarch 0:2.33-6.el7 fontconfig.x86_64 0:2.13.0-4.3.el7

fontpackages-filesystem.noarch 0:1.44-8.el7 fribidi.x86_64 0:1.0.2-1.el7_7.1 gd-last.x86_64 0:2.3.2-1.el7.remi

graphite2.x86_64 0:1.3.10-1.el7_3 harfbuzz.x86_64 0:1.7.5-2.el7 jbigkit-libs.x86_64 0:2.0-11.el7

libX11.x86_64 0:1.6.7-3.el7_9 libX11-common.noarch 0:1.6.7-3.el7_9 libXau.x86_64 0:1.0.8-2.1.el7

libXpm.x86_64 0:3.5.12-1.el7 libjpeg-turbo.x86_64 0:1.2.90-8.el7 libraqm.x86_64 0:0.7.0-4.el7

libtiff.x86_64 0:4.0.3-35.el7 libwebp7.x86_64 0:1.0.3-1.el7.remi libxcb.x86_64 0:1.13-1.el7

完了しました!

Java – キーボード入力

2021-06-24 / tau / コメントする

InputStream

標準入力(System.in)を引数に渡して入力ストリームを生成する。

package input_output;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;

public class SystemInStream {
  public static void main(String[] args) {
    BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
    System.out.print(">");
    try {
      String line = reader.readLine();
      System.out.println(line);
    } catch (IOException e) {
       e.printStackTrace();
    }
  }
}

package input_output;

import java.io.BufferedReader;

import java.io.IOException;

import java.io.InputStreamReader;

public class SystemInStream {

public static void main(String[] args) {

BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));

System.out.print(">");

try {

String line = reader.readLine();

System.out.println(line);

} catch (IOException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

実行するとプロンプト(>)が表示されて入力待ちになり、文字列を入力してEnterを押すとその内容がオウム返しに表示される。

>abc
abc

>abc

abc

Scanner

java.util.Scannerの引数に標準入力(System.in)を渡してインスタンスを生成し、next()などのメソッドでキーボードからの入力を得る。

next()

以下のコードは、文字列”end”が入力されるまで、入力された文字列をオウム返しに表示し続ける。

package input_output;

import java.util.Scanner;

public class ScannerTest {
  public void scanner1() {
    Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
    for(;;) {
      System.out.print(">");
      String line = scanner.next();
      System.out.println(line);
      if (line.equals("end")) break;
    }
    System.out.println("Thank you.");
  }
  
  public static void main(String[] args) {
    ScannerTest app = new ScannerTest();
    app.scanner1();
  }
}

package input_output;

import java.util.Scanner;

public class ScannerTest {

public void scanner1() {

Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);

for(;;) {

System.out.print(">");

String line = scanner.next();

System.out.println(line);

if (line.equals("end")) break;

}

System.out.println("Thank you.");

}

public static void main(String[] args) {

ScannerTest app = new ScannerTest();

app.scanner1();

}

実行例。

>abc
abc
>def
def
>end
end
Thank you.

>abc

abc

>def

def

>end

end

Thank you.

nextInt()

package input_output;

import java.util.Scanner;

public class ScannerTest {
  public void scanner2() {
    int sum = 0;
    Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
    for(;;) {
      System.out.print(">");
      int number = scanner.nextInt();
      if (number <= 0) break;
      sum += number;
    }
    System.out.println("Sum:" + sum);
  }

  public static void main(String[] args) {
    ScannerTest app = new ScannerTest();
    app.scanner2();
  }
}

package input_output;

import java.util.Scanner;

public class ScannerTest {

public void scanner2() {

int sum = 0;

Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);

for(;;) {

System.out.print(">");

int number = scanner.nextInt();

if (number <= 0) break;

sum += number;

}

System.out.println("Sum:" + sum);

}

public static void main(String[] args) {

ScannerTest app = new ScannerTest();

app.scanner2();

}

実行例。

>1
>2
>3
>-1
Sum:6

>-1

Sum:6

全角数字も扱える。

>１
>２
>３
>０
Sum:6

>１

>２

>３

>０

Sum:6

3桁ごとのカンマ区切りは通る。

>1,234
>2,345
>0
Sum:3579

>1,234

>2,345

Sum:3579

仕様ではInteger正規表現にマッチし、かつ範囲内である必要がある。数値と認識されない文字列に対しては、例外が投げられる。

>整数
Exception in thread "main" java.util.InputMismatchException
	at java.base/java.util.Scanner.throwFor(Scanner.java:939)
	at java.base/java.util.Scanner.next(Scanner.java:1594)
	at java.base/java.util.Scanner.nextInt(Scanner.java:2258)
	at java.base/java.util.Scanner.nextInt(Scanner.java:2212)
	at input_output.ScannerTest.scanner2(ScannerTest.java:22)
	at input_output.ScannerTest.main(ScannerTest.java:42)

>整数

Exception in thread "main" java.util.InputMismatchException

at java.base/java.util.Scanner.throwFor(Scanner.java:939)

at java.base/java.util.Scanner.next(Scanner.java:1594)

at java.base/java.util.Scanner.nextInt(Scanner.java:2258)

at java.base/java.util.Scanner.nextInt(Scanner.java:2212)

at input_output.ScannerTest.scanner2(ScannerTest.java:22)

at input_output.ScannerTest.main(ScannerTest.java:42)

以下は数値として扱えない。

3桁区切りでないカンマ区切り
全角の漢数字

closeするとSystem.inが使えなくなる

先のコードで、new Scanner(System.in)でインスタンスを生成している行に警告が出る(リソース・リーク: 'scanner' が閉じられることはありません)。

そこで、Scannerインスタンス使用後にいったんclose()してみると、再度インスタンスを生成しようとしたときに例外が投げられる。scannerをクローズしたときに標準入力System.inが閉じられてしまうため。

package input_output;

import java.util.Scanner;

public class ScannerTest {
  public void scanner3() {
    System.out.print(">");
    Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
    String line = scanner.next();
    System.out.println(line);
    scanner.close();
    scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
    line = scanner.next();
    System.out.println(line);
  }

  public static void main(String[] args) {
    ScannerTest app = new ScannerTest();
    app.scanner3();
  }
}

package input_output;

import java.util.Scanner;

public class ScannerTest {

public void scanner3() {

System.out.print(">");

Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);

String line = scanner.next();

System.out.println(line);

scanner.close();

scanner = new Scanner(System.in);

line = scanner.next();

System.out.println(line);

}

public static void main(String[] args) {

ScannerTest app = new ScannerTest();

app.scanner3();

}

実行結果。

>123
123
Exception in thread "main" java.util.NoSuchElementException
	at java.base/java.util.Scanner.throwFor(Scanner.java:937)
	at java.base/java.util.Scanner.next(Scanner.java:1478)
	at input_output.ScannerTest.scanner3(ScannerTest.java:36)
	at input_output.ScannerTest.main(ScannerTest.java:42)

>123

123

Exception in thread "main" java.util.NoSuchElementException

at java.base/java.util.Scanner.throwFor(Scanner.java:937)

at java.base/java.util.Scanner.next(Scanner.java:1478)

at input_output.ScannerTest.scanner3(ScannerTest.java:36)

at input_output.ScannerTest.main(ScannerTest.java:42)

Java – ブロックスコープ

2021-06-24 / tau / コメントする

ブロック内でのみ有効

ブロック内で宣言された変数はそのブロック内でのみ有効で、ブロックを出るときに破棄される。

public class BlockScope {
  public void blockScope1() {
    {
      String s = "in the first block";
      System.out.println(s);
    }

    {
      String s = "in the second block";
      System.out.println(s);
    }
  }

  public static void main(String[] args) {
    BlockScope app = new BlockScope();
    app.blockScope1();
  }
}

// in the first block
// in the second block

public class BlockScope {

public void blockScope1() {

{

String s = "in the first block";

System.out.println(s);

}

{

String s = "in the second block";

System.out.println(s);

}

public static void main(String[] args) {

BlockScope app = new BlockScope();

app.blockScope1();

}

// in the first block

// in the second block

ブロック内で宣言された変数は、ブロック外では存在していない。

public class BlockScope {
  public void blockScope2() {
    {
      String s = "in the first block";
      System.out.println(s);
    }

    {
      String s = "in the second block";
      System.out.println(s);
    }

    System.out.println(s); // コンパイルエラー：s を変数に解決できません
  }
}

public class BlockScope {

public void blockScope2() {

{

String s = "in the first block";

System.out.println(s);

}

{

String s = "in the second block";

System.out.println(s);

}

System.out.println(s); // コンパイルエラー：s を変数に解決できません

}

ブロック外で宣言可能

ブロック内スコープの変数はブロック外では存在しないので、ブロック外で同じ名前で宣言できる。

public class BlockScope {
  public void blockScope3() {
    {
      String s = "in the first block"; // コンパイルエラー：重複ローカル変数 s
      System.out.println(s);
    }

    {
      String s = "in the second block"; // コンパイルエラー：重複ローカル変数 s
      System.out.println(s);
    }

    String s = "out of scope";
    System.out.println(s);
  }

  public static void main(String[] args) {
    BlockScope app = new BlockScope();
    app.blockScope3();
  }
}

// in the first block
// in the second block
// out of scope

public class BlockScope {

public void blockScope3() {

{

String s = "in the first block"; // コンパイルエラー：重複ローカル変数 s

System.out.println(s);

}

{

String s = "in the second block"; // コンパイルエラー：重複ローカル変数 s

System.out.println(s);

}

String s = "out of scope";

System.out.println(s);

}

public static void main(String[] args) {

BlockScope app = new BlockScope();

app.blockScope3();

}

// in the first block

// in the second block

// out of scope

ブロック外宣言はブロック内で有効

ブロックの前で宣言された変数は、その後のブロック内で使用可能。以下の例では、ブロックの前で宣言された変数sがその後のブロックの中で書き換えられている。

public class BlockScope {
public void blockScope4() {
    String s = "out of scope";

    {
      s = "in the first block";
      System.out.println(s);
    }

    {
      s = "in the second block";
      System.out.println(s);
    }

    System.out.println(s);
  }

  public static void main(String[] args) {
    BlockScope app = new BlockScope();
    app.blockScope4();
  }
}

// in the first block
// in the second block
// in the second block

public class BlockScope {

public void blockScope4() {

String s = "out of scope";

{

s = "in the first block";

System.out.println(s);

}

{

s = "in the second block";

System.out.println(s);

}

System.out.println(s);

}

public static void main(String[] args) {

BlockScope app = new BlockScope();

app.blockScope4();

}

// in the first block

// in the second block

したがって、ブロックの前で宣言された変数をブロック内ローカル変数として定義することはできない。定義しようとすると重複定義エラーになる。

public class BlockScope {
  public void blockScope5() {
    String s = "out of scope";

    {
      String s = "in the first block"; // コンパイルエラー：重複ローカル変数 s
      System.out.println(s);
    }

    {
      String s = "in the second block"; // コンパイルエラー：重複ローカル変数 s
      System.out.println(s);
    }
  }
}

public class BlockScope {

public void blockScope5() {

String s = "out of scope";

{

String s = "in the first block"; // コンパイルエラー：重複ローカル変数 s

System.out.println(s);

}

{

String s = "in the second block"; // コンパイルエラー：重複ローカル変数 s

System.out.println(s);

}